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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2011 Nov;12(11 Suppl):T61–T74. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.08.006

Table 1.

Variation between TMD cases and controls in mechanical pain measures

Non-imputed effect estimates2
 Imputed effect esti mates
Controls TMD cases Site-adjusted effect3 Fully adjusted effect4 Fully adjusted effect
Stimulus Units and
potential range		 n mean se n mean se P-value1 SOR55 95%CI66 SOR 95%CI n SOR 95%CI
Pressure pain threshold 7
   Temporalis kPa, 50–600 1601 217.92 2.12 168 148.23 4.06 <0.0001 4.1 3.1,5.4 3.7 2.7, 4.9 1793 3.8 2.9, 5.1
   Masseter kPa, 50–600 1605 201.01 1.98 160 141.97 4.43 <0.0001 3.4 2.6,4.5 3.0 2.3, 4.0 1793 3.4 2.5, 4.5
   TM joint kPa, 50–600 1579 184.58 1.72 157 133.84 3.67 <0.0001 3.5 2.7,4.6 3.3 2.5, 4.4 1793 3.7 2.8, 4.9
   Trapezius kPa, 100–600 1573 372.93 3.70 160 260.71 7.90 <0.0001 2.8 2.2,3.5 2.6 2.0, 3.3 1793 2.6 2.1, 3.4
   Lateral epicondyle kPa,100–600 1573 389.18 3.69 164 298.88 10.00 <0.0001 2.4 1.9,3.0 2.2 1.7, 2.7 1793 2.2 1.8, 2.8
Mechanical cutaneous pain
   Threshold7 mN, 8–512 1540 269.74 4.30 172 170.45 10.31 <0.0001 2.1 1.7,25 2.0 1.6, 2.5
   Single stimulus ratings
        256mN probe ratings, 0–100 1562 8.83 0.32 176 13.76 1.20 <0.0001 1.3 1.2,15 1.5 1.3, 1.7 1742 1.5 1.3, 1.7
        512mN probe ratings, 0–100 1464 14.79 0.46 161 21.62 1.63 <0.0001 1.3 1.2,15 1.5 1.3, 1.8 1742 1.5 1.3, 1.8
      Overall ratings of 10 stimuli
        256mN probe ratings, 0–100 1563 18.40 0.53 176 28.62 1.82 <0.0001 1.4 1.3,17 1.7 1.4, 1.9 1742 1.7 1.4, 1.9
        512mN probe ratings, 0–100 1461 31.36 0.71 161 43.69 2.17 <0.0001 1.5 1.3,17 1.7 1.4, 2.0 1742 1.7 1.4, 2.0
   Aftersensation ratings
      15 s, 256mN probe ratings, 0–100 1562 2.90 0.19 174 6.68 0.98 <0.0001 1.3 1.2,15 1.4 1.2, 1.6 1742 1.4 1.2, 1.6
      30 s, 256mN probe ratings, 0–100 1563 1.35 0.12 175 3.23 0.72 <0.0001 1.2 1.1,14 1.3 1.1, 1.5 1742 1.3 1.1, 1.5
      15 s, 512mN probe ratings, 0–100 1456 6.62 0.33 161 13.75 1.40 <0.0001 1.5 1.3,17 1.6 1.4, 1.9 1742 1.5 1.3, 1.7
      30 s, 512mN probe ratings, 0–100 1453 3.56 0.22 161 7.16 0.99 <0.0001 1.3 1.2,15 1.4 1.2, 1.6 1742 1.3 1.2, 1.5
   Temporal summation
      256mN probe Δ ratings, ±100 1560 9.56 0.31 176 14.86 1.05 <0.0001 1.4 1.2,15 1.5 1.3, 1.7 1742 1.5 1.3, 1.7
      512mN probe Δ ratings, ±100 1461 16.56 0.42 161 22.07 1.26 <0.0001 1.3 1.1,15 1.4 1.2, 1.7 1742 1.4 1.2, 1.6
1

P-values are from analysis of variance model comparing mean values of putative risk factor between cases and controls, with adjustment for study site.

2

Non-imputed effect estimates are for complete case analysis using numbers of subjects in columns headed n.

3

Site-adjusted effects were computed in logistic regression models where the putative risk factor as the main explanatory variable and study site as covariate.

4

Fully-adjusted effects were computed in logistic regression models that additionally include covariates of age group, gender and race/ethnicity.

5

5 SOR is standardized odds ratio from a logistic regression model evaluating the linear effect of the risk factor that was standardized by z-score transformation

6

95% confidence interval for SOR

7

Negative z-scores used for standardized odds ratios which therefore represent increase in odds of TMD associated with reduction of 1 sd in the value of the variable