(A) FVB mice were subjected to continuous infusion of either PBS or a subpressor dose (200 ng/kg/min) of Ang II by osmotic pump for two weeks. Heart homogenates were subjected to immunoblot analyses with anti-Trx1 and anti-α-tubulin antibodies. Values are mean±SEM. P<0.05. (B) NRCMs were treated with or without 100 nM Ang II. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for qRT-PCR analyses with Trx1 and 18S rRNA primers. Values are mean±SEM. P<0.05. (C–E) Twelve to 24 hours after transduction of either Ad-short hairpin scrambled (sh-sc), or Ad-sh-Trx1, NRCMs were treated with or without 100 nM Ang II for 48 hours. Cells were measured for relative cell surface area (cell size) (C), stained with anti-ANF antibody (red) and DAPI (blue) (D), or harvested for qRT-PCR analysis of α-skeletal actin mRNA (E). Representative ANF perinuclear staining is indicated by arrows (D top), and the percentage of ANF positive cells was quantified (D bottom). N>3. Values are mean±SEM. P<0.05.