Table 4.
Baseline Disparities and Changes in Disparities Between White and Black Patients for Chronic Disease Process of Care, Intermediate Outcome, and Preventive Care Measures
| Measure | Baseline disparity in performance,* % (95% CI) | Modeled rate of change in disparity† % per year (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic disease process of care measures | ||
| Antiplatelet drug prescribed for patients with coronary heart disease | 7.0 (2.6–11.3) | |
| Months 0–7 | −10.9 (−16.6–-5.2) | |
| Months 8–24 | 0.5 (−1.7–-2.7) | |
| Lipid-lowering drug prescribed for patients with coronary heart disease | 6.9 (2.3–11.6) | −1.6 (−3.3–0.0) |
| Beta-blocker prescribed for patients with a history of myocardial infarction | 0.6 (−9.9–11.1) | 2.3 (0.5–4.2) |
| ACEI or ARB prescribed for patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes | −5.2 (−14.1–3.7) | 3.7 (2.2–5.1) |
| Anticoagulant prescribed for patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation | −5.6 (−26.1–14.9) | 0.2 (−4.0–4.5) |
| ACEI or ARB prescribed for patients with heart failure with LVSD | 0.2 (−9.0–9.4) | 2.1 (−1.6–5.8) |
| Beta-blocker prescribed for patients with heart failure with LVSD | −4.0 (−13.7–5.8) | 2.9 (0.7–5.1) |
| Screening or treatment for diabetic nephropathy | −4.3 (−8.1–0.0) | 1.7 (1.0–2.3) |
| Intermediate outcome measures | ||
| Blood pressure control for patients with hypertension | 1.1 (−1.9–4.0) | −0.1 (−0.9–0.7) |
| Glycemic control for patients with diabetes | 4.6 (−0.4–9.7) | 1.8 (1.3–2.2) |
| Blood pressure control for patients with diabetes | 2.8 (−3.4–8.9) | 0.05 (−1.9–2.0) |
| LDL control for patients with diabetes | 6.2 (0.4–12.0) | 2.8 (0.2–5.4) |
| Preventive care measures | ||
| Pneumococcal immunization | 4.0 (0.4–7.6) | −1.5 (−4.2–1.1) |
| Osteoporosis screening or treatment | 12.3 (7.9–16.8) | −0.5 (−1.7–0.6) |
| Colorectal cancer screening | 5.3 (2.5–8.0) | −2.2 (−2.7–-1.3) |
| Cervical cancer screening | 0.2 (−2.0–2.5) | 0.02 (−0.8–0.8) |
| Breast cancer screening | 5.4 (2.4–8.4) | 0.9 (−0.6–2.4) |
*Disparity is defined as the percentage of white patients satisfying the measure minus the percentage of black patients satisfying the measure
†A positive integer indicates that the rate of change in the proportion of patients satisfying the measure is higher for white vs. black patients. A negative integer indicates that the rate of change in the proportion of patients satisfying the measure is higher for black vs. white patients
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; LVSD, left ventricular systolic dysfunction; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol