Table 8.
Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic factors associated with eating fast food and snacks ≥ once a week among Pakistani primary school children (n = 1860)
| Eating fast food and snacks ≥ once a week (n = 798) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a |
| Gender | ||
| Boys | 1.27 (1.05-1.52)* | 1.64 (1.33-2.02)† |
| Girls | Ref. | Ref. |
| Area and socioeconomic status (SES) | ||
| Urban, high SES | 8.83 (6.41-12.17)† | 5.09 (3.02-8.60)† |
| Urban, middle SES | 7.41 (5.38-10.20)† | 3.88 (2.36-6.37)† |
| Urban, low SES | 4.85 (3.52-6.68)† | 3.86 (2.54-5.87)† |
| Rural, low/disadvantaged SES | Ref. | Ref. |
| Neighborhood income | ||
| Low | Ref. | Ref. |
| Middle | 3.60 (2.88-4.50)† | 1.35 (1.00-1.83) |
| High | 3.92 (2.93-5.24)† | 1.23 (0.81-1.87) |
| Parental education | ||
| Illiterate | Ref. | Ref. |
| High school | 2.62 (1.89-3.63)† | 1.11 (0.75-1.64) |
| College | 6.47 (4.70-8.91)† | 1.74 (1.12-2.68)* |
| Higher education | 5.44 (3.93-7.53)† | 1.38 (0.87-2.17) |
| Parental working status | ||
| Father only | Ref. | Ref. |
| Both parents | 1.65 (1.32-2.06)† | 1.26 (0.98-1.61) |
| Number of siblings | ||
| No | 2.11 (0.96-4.60) | 0.68 (0.30-1.54) |
| 1-3 | 2.23 (1.85-2.71)† | 0.97 (0.77-1.22) |
| > 3 | Ref. | Ref. |
| Number of persons in child's living room | ||
| No | 2.79 (1.88-4.15)† | 1.36 (0.88-2.09) |
| 1-3 | 1.80 (1.49-2.19)† | 1.15 (0.92-1.43) |
| > 3 | Ref. | Ref. |
† P < 0.001, *P < 0.05
aThe model is controlled for age