Table 1.
Ancient mtDNA used in this study, with source locality and approximate age
| Site | Region | Count | Approximate date | Source |
| Great Western Park | SW Ontario | 4 | A.D. 1200 | 25 |
| Hind | SW Ontario | 12 | 900 B.C. | 25 |
| Morse | Fulton County, Illinois | 6 | 700 B.C. | 25 |
| Orendorf | Fulton County, Illinois | 10 | A.D. 1200 | 25 |
| Zimmer | SW Ontario | 1 | 900 B.C. | 25 |
| Pernil Alto | Palpa, Peru | 4 | 700–3000 B.C. | This study, 26 |
| Botigiriayocc | Palpa, Peru | 3 | A.D. 1200 | 8 |
| Chillo | Palpa, Peru | 1 | A.D. 1300 | 26 |
| Pacapaccari | Palpa, Peru | 1 | A.D. 1200 | 8 |
| Huayuncalla | Palpa, Peru | 2 | A.D. 1000 | 8 |
| Jauranga | Palpa, Peru | 5 | 200 B.C.–A.D.400 | 26 |
| Layuni | Palpa, Peru | 1 | A.D. 1200 | 26 |
| Mollake Chico | Palpa, Peru | 1 | 700 B.C. | 26 |
| Los Molinos | Palpa, Peru | 5 | A.D. 150–850 | 26 |
| Hanaq Pacha | Palpa, Peru | 1 | A.D. 400 | 26 |
| Cueva Yacatogia | Palpa, Peru | 4 | A.D. 800–850 | 8 |
Some sites (Pernil Alto, Juaranga, and Los Molinos) included samples from multiple periods.