Table 3. Overall summary of results contrasting the CPT-1a+/− mice and their CPT-1a+/+ controls fed either the high carbohydrate or high fat diets.

	High-carbohydrate diet CPT1a+/− versus CPT-1a+/+ mice	High-fat diet CPT1a+/− versus CPT-1a+/+ mice
Glucose tolerance	More glucose tolerant	No significant difference
Insulin secretion	Higher first-phase insulin secretion	Lower first phase at 28 weeks No significant difference at 46 weeks
Insulin tolerance	More insulin-sensitive	More insulin-sensitive
Hepatic steatosis	Increased microvesicular fat	Increased microvesicular fat
Aberrant hepatic CPT-1b expression	Increased	No significant difference, trend is elevated
Pancreatic islet morphology	Smaller islets	Fewer islets
Body weight	No significant difference	Slightly lower
Body fat	Higher	Lower
Fasting insulin	No significant difference	Lower

Abbreviation: CPT, carnitine palmitoyltransferase