Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of the Sample
| Characteristic | Total | Self-pay | Medicaid | All Other Payments | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted, N | 849,866 | 56,760 | 181,285 | 611,821 | |
| Population estimate | 90,221,173 | 6,663,875 | 20,271,164 | 63,286,134 | |
| Insurance, % | |||||
| Self-pay | 7.4 | ||||
| Medicaid | 22.5 | ||||
| All other payments | 70.2 | ||||
| Age in years, % | |||||
| 18–44 | 54.5 | 61.3 | 71.3 | 48.5 | <.01 |
| 45–64 | 45.5 | 38.7 | 28.7 | 51.5 | |
| Sex, % | |||||
| Male | 36.1 | 49.8 | 25.0 | 38.3 | <.01 |
| Female | 63.9 | 50.2 | 75.0 | 61.7 | |
| Race, % | |||||
| White | 56.5 | 53.0 | 48.8 | 59.4 | <.01 |
| Nonwhite | 18.8 | 22.7 | 26.3 | 16.0 | |
| Not stated | 24.7 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 24.7 | |
| Ambulatory care–sensitive conditions, % | |||||
| Yes | 12.7 | 17.6 | 11.8 | 12.5 | <.01 |
| No | 87.3 | 82.4 | 88.2 | 87.5 | |
| Hospital ownership, % | |||||
| Proprietary | 13.3 | 8.9 | 15.2 | 13.1 | <.01 |
| Government | 12.7 | 24.2 | 17.3 | 10.0 | |
| Nonprofit | 74.0 | 67.0 | 67.5 | 76.9 | |
| Died in the hospital, % | |||||
| Yes | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .06 |
| No | 99.0 | 98.7 | 99.0 | 99.0 |