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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 May 9.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Int Conf Robot Autom. 2011 May 9;2011:411–416. doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2011.5980215

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Metal MEMS fabrication process. The formation of each layer involves three steps: (a) Pattern deposition of a sacrificial metal, (b) blanket deposition of structural metal, and (c) planarization. After all layers are formed, the sacrificial metal is removed, leaving behind the assembled 3D device.