Table 2.
Risk factors associated with HSV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women in Northeast India (n = 1640).
| Characteristics (n) | HSV-2 Sero Prevalence n (%) |
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% C.I. |
p value | AOR | 95% C.I. |
p value | ||
| Age groups | |||||||
| 18 to 21 yrs (355) | 23 (6.5) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| 22 to 25 yrs (592) | 62 (10.5) | 1.69 | 1.03-2.78 | 0.04 | 1.90 | 1.09-3.31 | 0.02 |
| 26 to 29 yrs (385) | 28 (7.3) | 1.13 | 0.64-2.01 | 0.67 | 1.52 | 0.81-2.87 | 0.19 |
| > 29 yrs (308) | 29 (9.4) | 1.50 | 0.85-2.65 | 0.16 | 2.29 | 1.19-4.39 | 0.01 |
| States | |||||||
| Manipur (402) | 11 (2.7) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Assam (300) | 12 (4.0) | 1.48 | 0.64-3.40 | 0.36 | 2.30 | 0.96-5.48 | 0.06 |
| Meghalaya (400) | 42 (10.5) | 4.17 | 2.11-8.22 | < 0.001 | 5.13 | 2.52-10.43 | < 0.001 |
| Mizoram (231) | 31 (13.4) | 5.51 | 2.71-11.2 | < 0.001 | 4.51 | 2.15-9.49 | < 0.001 |
| Arunachal Pradesh (307) | 46 (15.0) | 6.27 | 3.19-12.3 | < 0.001 | 11.49 | 5.18-25.48 | < 0.001 |
| Occupation | |||||||
| Unskilled worker (75) | 12 (6.9) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| House wife (1310) | 105 (8.0) | 1.18 | 0.64-2.20 | 0.59 | 1.55 | 0.80-3.00 | 0.20 |
| Business (45) | 6 (13.3) | 2.09 | 0.74-5.92 | 0.17 | 2.28 | 0.72-7.20 | 0.16 |
| Regular employee (110) | 19 (17.3) | 2.84 | 1.32-6.11 | 0.008 | 3.45 | 1.35-8.81 | 0.01 |
| Education | |||||||
| Graduate & above (115) | 6 (5.2) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Secondary (462) | 42 (9.1) | 1.82 | 0.75-4.38 | 0.18 | 2.57 | 0.92-7.19 | 0.07 |
| Primary & less (1063) | 94 (8.8) | 1.76 | 0.75-4.12 | 0.19 | 3.73 | 1.29-10.75 | 0.02 |
| Type of family | |||||||
| Joint (616) | 35 (5.7) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Nuclear (990) | 99 (10.4) | 1.93 | 1.30-2.88 | 0.001 | 1.66 | 1.08-2.57 | 0.02 |
| Single (74) | 8 (10.8) | 2.01 | 0.90-4.52 | 0.090 | 1.72 | 0.64-4.64 | 0.28 |
| Income group | |||||||
| Low (1177) | 85 (7.2) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Middle (463) | 57 (12.3) | 1.80 | 1.27-2.57 | 0.001 | 2.15 | 1.39-3.31 | 0.001 |
| Coitarchal age | |||||||
| > 30 yrs (29) | 1 (3.4) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| 18 to 30 yrs (1335) | 91 (6.8) | 2.05 | 0.28-15.2 | 0.48 | 2.36 | 0.29-19.40 | 0.43 |
| < 18 yrs (218) | 48 (22.0) | 7.91 | 1.05-59.6 | 0.045 | 9.59 | 1.13-81.65 | 0.04 |
| No response (58) | 2 (3.4) | 1.00 | 0.09-11.5 | 1.00 | 0.60 | 0.05-7.83 | 0.70 |
| Alcohol use | |||||||
| Never user (1267) | 97 (7.7) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Regular & occasional users (373) | 45 (12.1) | 1.66 | 1.14-2.41 | 0.008 | 1.18 | 0.74-1.86 | 0.49 |
| Sex partner | |||||||
| Single (1601) | 134 (8.4) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| More than 1 (39) | 8 (20.5) | 2.83 | 1.27-6.27 | 0.01 | 2.50 | 1.02-6.13 | 0.045 |
| Condom use | |||||||
| Regular & occasional users (341) | 18 (5.3) | Ref | -- | -- | Ref | -- | -- |
| Never user (1299) | 124 (9.5) | 1.9 | 1.14-3.15 | 0.01 | 4.73 | 2.51-8.91 | < 0.001 |
AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Coitarchal age: age at first intercourse