Table 1.

Demographics and risk factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae cases.

Demographics/risk factors	Univariate analysis							Multivariate analysis
	ESBL group	%	Control group	%	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p-value	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p-value
Apache II score	15.5a	(0–49) b	13 a	(1–45) b	1.04	(1.01, 1.07)	0.01
Male	54	51.43	167	51.38	1.00	(0.65, 1.56)	0.99
Age >60	51	48.57	174	53.70	0.81	(0.52, 1.26)	0.36
Immunocompromised	63	60.00	160	49.23	1.55	(0.99, 2.42)	0.06
Caucasian	54	66.67	173	66.03	1.03	(0.61, 1.74)	0.92
Hispanic	5	6.17	27	10.31	0.57	(0.21, 1.54)	0.27
Admitted from nursing home	44	43.14	41	12.65	5.24	(3.14, 8.73)	<.0001	4.64	(2.64, 8.16)	<.0001
Number of days hospitalized before infection	5 a	(0–328) b	1 a	(0–141) b	1.02	(1.01, 1.03)	<.0001	1.02	(1.01, 1.03)	0.0015
Any hospitalization in past year	84	80.00	242	74.46	1.37	(0.80, 2.35)	0.25
Any ICU admission in past year	44	41.90	95	29.23	1.75	(1.11, 2.75)	0.02
Any surgery in past year	47	44.76	113	34.77	1.52	(0.97, 2.38)	0.07
Dialysis in past year	19	18.10	29	8.92	2.26	(1.21, 4.22)	0.01
Outpatient intravenous therapy in past year	15	14.29	24	7.38	2.09	(1.05, 4.15)	0.04
Prior surgery within 30 days	15	14.29	53	16.31	0.86	(0.46, 1.59)	0.62
Antibiotics in 30 days prior to enrollment	48	47.06	76	23.38	2.91	(1.83, 4.64)	<.0001	1.76	(1.00, 3.08)	0.0491
Carbapenem c	8	7.62	8	2.46	3.27	(1.20, 8.94)	0.02
Ampicillin/sulbactam	6	5.71	15	4.62	1.25	(0.47, 3.32)	0.65
Fluoroquinolone d	12	11.43	28	8.62	1.37	(0.67, 2.80)	0.39
Cefepime	18	17.14	17	5.23	3.75	(1.85, 7.58)	0.0002
Ceftriaxone	4	3.81	4	1.23	3.18	(0.78, 12.94)	0.11
Piperacillin/tazobactam	8	7.62	17	5.23	1.49	(0.63, 3.57)	0.37
Chronic renal failure	28	26.67	41	12.62	2.52	(1.46, 4.33)	0.0008	2.09	(1.11, 3.92)	0.0223
Diabetes	40	38.10	79	24.31	1.92	(1.20, 3.06)	0.006
Chronic obstructive lung disease	11	10.48	45	13.85	0.73	(0.36, 1.47)	0.37
Cardiovascular disease	29	27.62	77	23.69	1.23	(0.75, 2.02)	0.42
Peripheral vascular disease	4	3.81	8	2.46	1.57	(0.46, 5.32)	0.47
Cerebrovascular disease	9	8.57	27	8.31	1.03	(0.47, 2.28)	0.93
Peptic ulcer disease	3	2.86	13	4.00	0.71	(0.20, 2.53)	0.59
liver disease	17	16.19	35	10.77	1.60	(0.86, 3.00)	0.14
Malignancy	14	13.33	61	18.77	0.67	(0.36, 1.25)	0.20
Solid organ malignancy	10	9.52	53	16.31	0.54	(0.26, 1.10)	0.09
Transplant	23	21.90	34	10.46	2.40	(1.34, 4.30)	0.003	2.48	(1.24, 4.95)	0.0103
Tracheostomy tube at enrollment	26	24.76	29	8.92	3.36	(1.87, 6.03)	<.0001
Gastrostomy tube at enrollment	17	16.19	12	3.69	5.04	(2.32, 10.95)	<.0001	3.36	(1.38, 8.18)	0.0076
Indwelling urinary catheter at enrollment	26	24.76	51	15.69	1.77	(1.04, 3.02)	0.04
Vascular catheter at enrollment	74	70.48	176	54.15	2.02	(1.26, 3.24)	0.004

^aMedian.

^bRange.

^cErtapenem, imipenem, meropenem.

^dCiprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin.