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Options for resolving futility disputes
| 1. Capitulation – provide treatment that patient or surrogate requests even if judged futile by doctors |
| 2. Unilateral withdrawal/withholding – decline to provide treatment that patient/surrogate requests if doctors judge it futile |
| 3. Mediation/adjudication by ethics committee |
| 4. Seek appointment of different surrogate |
| 5. Adjudication by court |
