Fig. 2.

Wolbachia induces ROS formation in the mosquito Ae. aegypti. (A) Comparison of H₂O₂ levels in the fat body and whole mosquito in 7-d-old WB1 and Waco mosquitoes before a blood meal. The data shown are means of six replicates, with five fat bodies or three whole mosquitoes for each. The level of H₂O₂ was significantly higher in both fat bodies and whole bodies of WB1 mosquitoes than in those of Waco mosquitoes. Statistical significance is represented by letters above each column, with different letters signifying distinct statistical groups. Student's t test: a vs. b, P < 0.05; b vs. c, P < 0.001. (B) Fold changes in expression of NADPH oxidase (NOXM) and dual oxidase (DUOX2) in the midguts and carcasses of WB1 and Waco mosquitoes. Real-time PCR analysis was performed using midguts and carcasses of 7-d-old, non–blood-fed, female mosquitoes.