Table 2.

Most important nursing interventions ranked by average importance ratings

Intervention	Number of rankings	Minimum score	Maximum score	Mean score	Standard deviation
Establish trust	212	2	4	3.88	0.40
Establish rapport	212	2	4	3.88	0.38
Administer pain medication	213	2	4	3.77	0.60
Manage pain	212	1	4	3.77	0.52
Consult for pain management	213	2	4	3.74	0.54
Encourage emotional expression	213	2	4	3.73	0.57
Collaborate in initiating patient-controlled analgesia	213	2	4	3.67	0.58
Encourage positive affirmations	213	2	4	3.67	0.61
Collaborate with physician	213	2	4	3.66	0.62
Teach about managing pain	213	2	4	3.66	0.60
Maintain dignity and privacy	212	2	4	3.66	0.61
Manage dyspnoea	212	1	4	3.65	0.59
Provide emotional support	213	2	4	3.64	0.59
Promote self-esteem	213	2	4	3.64	0.59
Encourage patient to express spiritual concerns	213	1	4	3.59	0.66
Ensure continuity of care	212	2	4	3.58	0.63
Provide privacy	213	2	4	3.57	0.60
Monitor respiratory status	212	2	4	3.56	0.63
Teach about managing dyspnoea	213	2	4	3.55	0.65