Table 4.
Men with high physical work demands only, n=846
| Cumulative incidence, % | HR* | HR† | HR‡ | HR§ | |
| Age | |||||
| Youngest half (max 48 y), n=420 | 8.6 | NA | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Oldest half (>48 y), n=426 | 19.5 | 3.16 (2.12 to 4.71) | 2.48 (1.64 to 3.73) | 2.52 (1.66 to 3.83) | |
| Smoking | |||||
| Current, n=648 | 15.3 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Previous, n=131 | 9.2 | 0.46 (0.25 to 0.84) | 0.45 (0.24 to 0.82) | 0.40 (0.22 to 0.73) | 0.38 (0.20 to 0.71) |
| Never, n=67 | 11.9 | 0.67 (0.32 to 1.37) | 0.71 (0.34 to 1.46) | 0.47 (0.22 to 1.03) | 0.49 (0.22 to 1.09) |
| Alcohol, beverages/d | |||||
| 0, n=218 | 12.4 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| 1–2, n=355 | 15.2 | 1.23 (0.78 to 1.96) | 1.23 (0.77 to 1.95) | 1.31 (0.81 to 2.11) | 1.41 (0.87 to 2.29) |
| 3–5, n=208 | 13.0 | 1.11 (0.65 to 1.90) | 1.00 (0.58 to 1.72) | 1.14 (0.65 to 1.98) | 0.95 (0.53 to 1.67) |
| 6+, n=60 | 16.7 | 2.10 (1.01 to 4.35) | 1.84 (0.88 to 3.84) | 2.05 (0.97 to 4.33) | 1.43 (0.67 to 3.05) |
| Leisure-time physical activity | |||||
| Low, n=144 | 20.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Medium, n=586 | 12.6 | 0.62 (0.40 to 0.95) | 0.59 (0.38 to 0.90) | 0.62 (0.40 to 0.96) | 0.56 (0.36 to 0.88) |
| High, n=114 | 13.2 | 0.67 (0.36 to 1.26) | 0.64 (0.34 to 1.21) | 0.80 (0.42 to 1.52) | 0.77 (0.40 to 1.48) |
| BMI | |||||
| −25, n=351 | 12.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| >25 to 28, n=299 | 12.0 | 0.82 (0.53 to 1.28) | 0.87 (0.56 to 1.36) | 0.66 (0.42 to 1.05) | 0.73 (0.45 to 1.17) |
| >28, n=194 | 18.6 | 1.37 (0.88 to 2.13) | 1.34 (0.84 to 2.12) | 1.02 (0.64 to 1.62) | 1.08 (0.66 to 1.76) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | |||||
| −120, n=238 | 7.1 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| >120 to 150, n=499 | 15.2 | 2.02 (1.19 to 3.42) | 2.16 (1.27 to 3.68) | 1.68 (0.96 to 2.95) | 1.93 (1.07 to 3.46) |
| >150, n=108 | 24.1 | 3.20 (1.72 to 5.95) | 3.41 (1.81 to 6.44) | 2.13 (0.97 to 4.66) | 2.14 (0.98 to 4.66) |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | |||||
| −75, n=253 | 11.5 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| >75 to 90, n=455 | 12.5 | 1.05 (0.67 to 1.64) | 1.05 (0.67 to 1.66) | 0.90 (0.55 to 1.46) | 0.79 (0.47 to 1.30) |
| >90, n=137 | 24.1 | 2.18 (1.32 to 3.60) | 2.53 (1.51 to 4.23) | 1.43 (0.73 to 2.78) | 1.60 (0.83 to 3.09) |
| Hypertension** | |||||
| No, n=834 | 13.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Yes, n=12 | 33.3 | 2.32 (0.85 to 6.30) | 2.12 (0.76 to 5.90) | 1.80 (0.64 to 5.13) | 1.82 (0.62 to 5.34) |
| Physical fitness (VO2max) | |||||
| 15–26, n=125 | 23.2 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| 27–38, n=531 | 13.9 | 0.65 (0.42 to 1.00) | 0.63 (0.40 to 0.99) | 0.73 (0.46 to 1.16) | 0.70 (0.43 to 1.13) |
| 39–78, n=190 | 8.4 | 0.41 (0.22 to 0.76) | 0.39 (0.21 to 0.74) | 0.54 (0.27 to 1.06) | 0.48 (0.24 to 0.96) |
| Psychological pressure at work | |||||
| No, n=708 | 13.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Yes, n=136 | 14.7 | 1.01 (0.62 to 1.63) | 1.08 (0.66 to 1.76) | 0.98 (0.60 to 1.60) | 1.04 (0.61 to 1.78) |
| Psychological pressure at leisure | |||||
| No, n=795 | 14.0 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Yes, n=47 | 17.0 | 1.11 (0.54 to 2.27) | 1.15 (0.56 to 2.37) | 1.04 (0.50 to 2.14) | 1.09 (0.51 to 2.30) |
| Work, h/week | |||||
| <40, n=51 | 9.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| 40–45, n=618 | 14.6 | 1.50 (0.61 to 3.70) | 1.68 (0.68 to 4.19) | 1.47 (0.60 to 3.63) | 1.54 (0.62 to 3.85) |
| >45, n=177 | 13.6 | 1.49 (0.57 to 3.89) | 1.81 (0.68 to 4.86) | 1.38 (0.52 to 3.64) | 1.58 (0.70 to 3.18) |
| Social class | |||||
| High (I, II, III), n=74 | 10.8 | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ | 1¶ |
| Low (IV, V), n=771 | 14.3 | 1.47 (0.72 to 3.01) | 1.43 (0.69 to 2.96) | 1.55 (0.75 to 3.18) | 1.49 (0.70 to 3.18) |
Lifestyle and other predictors of ischaemic heart disease mortality (n=119, 14.1%) during the 30-year follow-up 1970/1971 to 2001. Statistically significant results are highlighted in bold.
*
Adjusted for age.
†
Adjusted for age + lifestyle (smoking, leisure-time physical activity, alcohol).
‡
Adjusted for age + clinical factors (BMI, BP including treatment for, physical fitness).
§
Age + all other confounders/risk factors (lifestyle, clinical factors, psychosocial stress at work and leisure, number of work hours and social class).
¶
Reference category.
**
Receives doctor's treatment due to hypertension.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; NA, not applicable.