Table 3.

Comparison of the protein sequence between the H4N8 isolate and other H4 subtype viruses with the molecular determinants of virus pathogenicity in mammalian species^a.

Protein	Position	Virus				Pathogenicity
		6KS0185	H4N8/Australia	H4N8/Osaka	H4N6/Shiga	Low	High	Ref.b
PB2	271	T	T	T	T	T	A	a)
	482	R	R	K	K	K	R	b)
	627	E	E	E	E	E	K	c)
	701	D	D	D	D	D	N	d), e)
	714	S	S	S	S	S	R	d)
PB1	13	P	P	P	P		P	d)
	538	D	D	D	D	D	G	d)
	678	S	N	S	S		N	d)
PB1-F2	66	N	N	N	N	N	S	f)
PA	97	T	T	T	C	T	I	g)
	550	L	L	L	L	I	L	h)
	615	R	R	K	K	K	N	d)
M1	139	T	T	T	T	T	A	b)
NS1	92	D	D	(ND)c	D	D	E	i)
	C-terminus	GSEV	ESEV	(ND)	ESEV	RSEV	ESEV	j), k)

^aThe protein sequences of 6KS0185, A/red-necked stint/Australia/1/04 (H4N8), A/duck/Osaka/1/05 (H4N8), and A/duck/Shiga/8/04 (H4N6) were compared with the molecular determinants of viral pathogenicity. The amino acids matched to the determinants for high pathogenicity are highlighted by gray shading.

^bReferences: a) Bussey et al., 2010; b) Brown and Bailly, 1999; c) Subbarao et al., 1993; d) Gabriel et al., 2005; e) Li et al., 2005; f) Conenello et al., 2007; g) Song et al., 2009; h) Rolling et al., 2009; i) Seo et al., 2002; j) Jackson et al., 2008; k) Obenauer et al., 2006.

^cNot determined.