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. 2012 Jan 10;7(1):e29326. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029326

Table 4. Univariate and multivariate associations between mode of feeding and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) on infant temperament.

Surgency/Extraversion Negative affectivity Orienting/Regulation
B (SE) P-value B (SE) P-value B (SE) P-value
Univariate models:
Mode of feeding at 3mo 0.0003 0.03 0.01
 Formula-fed 0.36 (0.1) −0.22 (0.08) 0.36 (0.1)
 Mixed-fed −0.04 (0.1) −0.04 (0.08) −0.04 (0.1)
 Breast-fed 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref)
IMD 0.03 (0.01) 0.01 0.01 (0.01) 0.4 −0.04 (0.1) 0.09
Multivariate model:
Mode of feeding at 3mo 0.0006 0.03 0.01
 Formula-fed 0.35 (0.1) −0.22 (0.08) 0.36 (0.1)
 Mixed-fed −0.02 (0.1) −0.03 (0.08) −0.04 (0.1)
 Breast-fed 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref) 0 (Ref)
IMD 0.02 (0.01) 0.03 0.01 (0.01) 0.4 −0.04 (0.1) 0.1

B: regression coefficient.