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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2011 Oct 14;20(1):22–28. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.10.005

Table 1.

Characteristics of CAM use by Category* (N=1,259)

Category n % of all CAM users (95% CI &)
Alternative medical systems 31 2.5 (1.63.3)
 Acupuncture 17 1.4 (0.7–2.0)
 Acupressure 6 0.5 (0.1–0.9)
 Chelation therapy 0 0
 Folk medicine 0 0
 Homeopathy 6 0.5 (0.1–0.9)
 Ayurveda/biofeedback/energy healing/hypnosis/naturopathy 10 0.8 (0.3–1.3)
Mind-body interventions 285 22.6 (20.3–24.9)
 Yoga/Tai Chi/Chi Gong/Pilates 153 12.2 (10.3–14.0)
 Relaxation therapy, meditation, deep breathing or visualization 94 7.5 (6.0–8.9)
 Spiritual activities 104 8.3 (6.7–9.8)
Manipulation and body-based methods 140 11.1 (9.4–12.9)
 Chiropractic 115 9.1 (7.5–10.7)
 Massage 48 3.8 (2.8–4.9)
Energy therapies (Copper bracelets or magnets) 95 7.6 (6.19.0)
Biologically based therapies: topical agent 358 28.4 (25.9–30.9)
 Rubs, lotions, liniments, creams or oils(tiger balm/horse liniment) 352 28.0 (25.5–30.4)
 Capsaicin 45 3.6 (2.5–4.6)
Biologically based therapies: diet 31 2.5 (1.6–3.3)
Biologically based therapies: supplements 856 68.0 (65.4–70.6)
 Herbs 43 3.4 (2.4–4.4)
 Vitamins/minerals (nearly every day) 168 13.3 (11.5–15.2)
 Glucosamine (nearly every day) 740 58.8 (56.1–61.5)
 Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) 153 12.2 (10.3–14.0)
 S-adenosylmethionine (SAME) 13 1.0 (0.5–1.6)
 Chondroitin (nearly every day) 675 53.6 (50.9–56.4)
*

As defined by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

&

Confidence intervals were calculated based on asymptotic Gaussian approximation

CAM= Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

CI=Confidence Interval