Table 4.
Sociodemographic and clinical correlates§ of treatment use among participants with radiographic confirmed knee osteoarthritis (N=2,679)
| Conventional Medications Only (N=440) | CAM Use ONLY (N=618) | Both (N=641) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted odds ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) | |||
| Age ≥ 65 years | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) | 1.18 (0.93–1.49) | 1.17 (0.91–1.50) |
| Women | 1.37 (1.04–1.79) | 1.86 (1.47–2.34) | 2.21 (1.72–2.84) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Black | 0.90 (0.64–1.27) | 0.71 (0.51–1.00) | 0.54 (0.38–0.76) |
| Latino | 0.77 (0.23–2.61) | 0.61 (0.19–1.98) | 1.47 (0.57–3.76) |
| Other | 0.65 (0.23–1.85) | 2.00 (1.03–3.91) | 0.43 (0.16–1.18) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Education | |||
| ≥College graduate | 0.91 (0.65–1.29) | 1.64 (1.19–2.28) | 1.48 (1.06–2.07) |
| Some college | 0.99 (0.69–1.42) | 1.26 (0.88–1.80) | 1.35 (0.94–1.93) |
| High school or less | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Body Mass Index | |||
| Morbid obesity | 1.53 (0.93–2.53) | 0.61 (0.39–0.94) | 0.85 (0.55–1.30) |
| Obesity | 1.41 (0.91–2.17) | 0.91 (0.66–1.26) | 0.75 (0.52–1.06) |
| Overweight | 1.33 (0.88–2.02) | 0.88 (0.65–1.18) | 0.71 (0.51–0.99) |
| Normal weight | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Depression | 1.31 (0.87–1.99) | 0.80 (0.51–1.24) | 1.09 (0.72–1.63) |
| SF-12 Physical Scale # | 0.74 (0.63–0.87) | 0.88 (0.76–1.03) | 0.83 (0.71–0.96) |
| WOMAC – Pain # | 1.28 (1.05–1.55) | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 1.41 (1.18–1.68) |
| KOOS – QOL # | 0.75 (0.62–0.91) | 0.69 (0.58–0.82) | 0.54 (0.45–0.64) |
| History of knee injury/surgery | 1.13 (0.86–1.47) | 1.28 (1.02–1.61) | 1.01 (0.79–1.29) |
| Hip replacement | 3.86 (1.54–9.67) | 1.41 (0.51–3.93) | 4.49 (1.84–10.96) |
| Multi-joint osteoarthritis: | 1.62 (1.22–2.14) | 1.37 (1.09–1.72) | 2.16 (1.65–2.81) |
| Chair stands (seconds) | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 1.00 (0.96–1.03) |
| OARSI* grade | |||
| Grade 3 (severe) | 1.38 (0.94–2.03) | 1.63 (1.16–2.29) | 1.98 (1.39–2.82) |
| Grade 1–2 (narrowed) | 1.06 (0.79–1.41) | 1.13 (0.88–1.44) | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) |
| Grade 0 (normal) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
§
Reference group for the outcome includes patients who did not report use of CAM or conventional medications for osteoarthritis treatment. Odds ratios shown are adjusted for all variables shown on the table.
#
Odds ratios are per one standard deviation change in SF-12 Physical Scale (standard deviation=9.5), WOMAC Pain Scale (standard deviation=4.0), and KOOS QOL scale (standard deviation=23.1).
*
X-ray evidence of joint space narrowing.