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. 2011 Oct 11;20(1):101–108. doi: 10.1038/mt.2011.212

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Short and long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induced retinal degeneration requires Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3). (a) A representative color fundus photograph showing retinal degeneration after intravitreous coadministration of 21-nt-Luc-siRNA and isotype immunoglobulin G (IgG) (n = 6 in two independent experiments). (b, c) 21-nt-Luc-siRNA-induced retinal toxicity did not occur when eyes were pretreated with neutralizing TLR3 antibodies (n = 6 in two independent experiments) or in mice deficient in TLR3 expression (Tlr3–/–, n = 12 in three independent experiments). (d) TLR3 immunofluorescence in mouse eyes show strong signal colocalization with the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) marker, RPE65 (n = 3 in three independent experiments, Bar = 10 µm). Representative histograms of cell surface and intracellular TLR3 staining in mouse RPE (mRPE) (e) and human RPE (hRPE) (f) cells (n = 4–5 in two independent experiments). nt, nucleotide.