MicroRNA-122-induced changes in the HCV 5′-UTR. (a to c) HCV 5′-UTR SHAPE reactivities in the presence of no microRNA (a, red), control miR-124 (b, gray), or miR-122 (c, green) are shown. (d) The change in SHAPE reactivities [ΔSHAPE = (with miR) − (without miR)] induced by control miR-124 (d, orange) and miR-122 (d, purple). (e) Heat map of SHAPE reactivities for HCV nt 29 to 45 in the presence of various miR-122 mutants. Boxes with an asterisk indicate values were statistically different (P < 0.001) from the SHAPE reactivity determined in the presence of WT miR-122 (reference [r]). (f) Effects of the miR-122 mutants on HCV translation and replication.