DNA damage signaling induced by viral infection. (A to C) WB analysis of infected cell lysates. MO59J Fus1 cells were mock infected (m), infected with AAV2 alone (MOI, 2,000) or HSV-1 alone (MOI, 1.5), or coinfected with AAV2 (MOI, 2,000) and HSV-1 (MOI, 1.5) and harvested at the indicated times postinfection. Total proteins were extracted, separated by SDS-PAGE, blotted onto nitrocellulose membrane, and analyzed with the antibodies indicated. Actin served as a loading control; detection of HSV-1 ICP8 and AAV2 Rep was used as an infection control.