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. 2012 Jan;25(1):142–163. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00018-11

Fig 5.

Fig 5

Mechanism of occult HBV infection via methylation of HBV DNA. HBV induces expression of cellular DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), leading to methylation of CpG dinucleotides in the HBV genome. Hypermethylation impairs HBV replication, virion production, and HBV protein levels, leading to occult HBV infection.