Table 1. Effect of parasite exposure on beetle morphology and activation of the melanin-synthesis cascade.

	control	exposed	effect
	(n = 100)	(n = 28)	(%)	t	p-value
Horn length (µm)	489.92±8.25	401.42±14.63	18.1	5.27	<0.001
Body length (µm)	4277.32±24	4186.21±45.54	2.1	1.77	0.084
Body mass (mg)	2.55±0.035	2.34±0.069	8.2	2.76	0.009
PPO/mg total protein	1.172±0.032	1.212±0.084	−3.3	−0.44	0.667
PO/mg total protein	0.068±0.002	0.081±0.011	−19.1	−1.08	0.306

Mean ± s.e. are reported for each measure. % Effect = (1−[exposed/control])*100.