Table 2. Baseline characteristics of hospitalized older patients according to gender.
| All | Men | Women | p-value** | |
| Patients (n, %) † | 2033 (100) | 874 (43.0) | 1159 (57.0) | ---- |
| Age (years) * | 79.8±7.8 | 78.7±7.5 | 80.6±8.0 | <0.0001 |
| FI-SOF - Grade 1 (n,%) † | 686 (33.7) | 364 (41.6) | 322 (27.8) | <0.0001 |
| FI-SOF - Grade 2 (n,%) † | 804 (39.5) | 313 (35.8) | 491 (42.4) | |
| FI-SOF - Grade 3 (n,%) † | 543 (26.7) | 197 (22.5) | 346 (29.9) | |
| FI-CD * | 10.3±6.2 | 9.5±6.0 | 10.9±6.3 | <0.0001 |
| FI-CGA - Grade 1 (n,%) † | 1417 (69.7) | 671 (76.8) | 746 (64.4) | <0.0001 |
| FI-CGA - Grade 2 (n,%) † | 593 (29.2) | 191 (21.9) | 402 (34.7) | |
| FI-CGA - Grade 3 (n,%) † | 23 (1.1) | 12 (1.4) | 11 (0.9) | |
| MPI - Grade 1 (n,%) † | 851 (41.9) | 429 (49.1) | 422 (36.4) | <0.0001 |
| MPI - Grade 2 (n,%) † | 743 (36.5) | 300 (34.3) | 443 (38.2) | |
| MPI - Grade 3 (n,%) † | 439 (21.6) | 145 (16.6) | 294 (25.4) | |
| ADL score * | 3.8±2.5 | 4.2±2.4 | 3.5±2.5 | <0.0001 |
| IADL score * | 3.7±3.1 | 3.9±3.0 | 3.6±3.2 | 0.1028 |
| SPMSQ score * | 2.8±3.0 | 2.4±3.0 | 3.1±3.1 | <0.0001 |
| Exton Smith score * | 15.6±3.7 | 16.3±3.6 | 15.1±3.6 | <0.0001 |
| CIRS-CI score * | 3.3±1.9 | 3.3±2.0 | 3.3±1.9 | 0.7495 |
| MNA score * | 20.5±5.8 | 21.4±5.7 | 19.9±5.8 | <0.0001 |
| Number of drugs * | 4.5±2.7 | 4.4±2.8 | 4.6±2.7 | 0.1656 |
| Main Diagnoses | ||||
| Diseases of the circulatory system (n,%)†† | 505 (24.8) | 228 (26.1) | 277 (23.9) | 0.6415 |
| Diseases of the respiratory system (n,%) | 329 (16.2) | 169 (19.3) | 160 (13.8) | 0.2336 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (n,%) | 298 (14.7) | 136 (15.6) | 162 (14) | 0.8227 |
| Disease of the digestive system (n,%) | 209 (10.3) | 83 (9.5) | 126 (10.9) | 0.9258 |
| Disease of the nervous system (n,%) | 208 (10.2) | 78 (8.9) | 130 (11.2) | 0.7701 |
| Secondary diagnoses | ||||
| Essential hypertension (n, %) | 553 (27.2) | 206 (23.6) | 347 (29.9) | 0.1324 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 387 (19) | 154 (17.6) | 233 (20.1) | 0.6311 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias (n, %) | 382 (18.8) | 153 (17.5) | 229 (19.8) | 0.6676 |
| Chronic bronchitis (n, %) | 335 (16.5) | 182 (20.8) | 153 (13.2) | 0.0918 |
| Chronic ischemic heart disease (n,%) | 278 (13.7) | 151 (17.3) | 127 (10.9) | 0.1791 |
| Cerebral atherosclerosis (n,%) | 265 (13) | 111 (12.7) | 154 (13.3) | 0.9667 |
| Hypertensive heart disease (n, %) | 225 (11.1) | 86 (9.8) | 139 (12) | 0.7707 |
| Mortality - 1 month (events/pm, %ir) | 165/1927 (8.6) | 77/828 (9.3) | 88/1099 (8.0) | 0.7328 |
| Mortality - 1 year (events/py, %ir) | 430/1725 (24.9) | 201/732 (27.4) | 229/993 (23.0) | 0.7617 |
*continuous variables;
†
categorical variables; pm = person-month; py = person-years; ir = incidence rate.
**p-values obtained fitting generalized linear mixed-effects models, using variable rank values, accounting for clustering due to centre effect.
††
Excluding cerebrovascular disease.
FI-SOF: Frailty Index derived from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures; FI-CD: Frailty Index based on cumulative deficits; FI-CGA: Frailty Index based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment; ADL: activities of daily living; IADL: instrumental activities of daily living; SPMSQ: Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire; CIRS: Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; MNA: Mini Nutritional Assessment;
ESS: Exton-Smith Scale; MPI: Multidimensional Prognostic Index.