Table 6. Mean predicted returns on investment from trophy hunting under three lion hunting scenarios, percentages of hunting blocks in which trophy hunting operations are predicted to be financially viable, and the minimum area in which trophy hunting is predicted to be viable (excluding some areas in each country that were excluded from the analyses).

Country (sample size and % of hunting blocks in the country for which analysis was done)/lion hunting scenario	Mean % return on investment ± SD	% of hunting areas viable	Area in which hunting is viable (excluding areas for which data were unavailable) (km2)
Mozambique (n = 12, 33.2%)
Current lion off-takes	−7.16±29.7	7.7	2,120
Recommended off-takes	−7.97±20.1	7.7	2,120
Zero off-take	−11.2±19.8	0	0
Namibia (n = 41, 34.7%) a
Current lion off-takes	29.4±90.1	33.3	13,142
Recommended off-takes	24.4±80.0	33.3	13,142
Zero off-take	22.3±79.3	33.3	13,142
Tanzania (n = 138, 78.5%)
Current lion off-takes	37.4±34.9	81.2	146,165
Recommended off-takes	33.1±30.8	79.7	141,960
Zero off-take	28.8±30.8	68.1	102,337
Zambia (n = 30, 85.1%) b
Current lion off-takes	−2.79±32.4	33.3	33,429
Recommended off-takes	−3.69±30.5	33.3	33,429
Zero off-take	−5.82±27.3	23.3	23,149
Zimbabwe (n = 36, 43.7%) c
Current lion off-takes	14.4±21.5	55.6	14,612
Recommended off-takes	12.2±20.5	50.0	11,812
Zero off-take	11.3±20.6	47.2	11,302

^aMost of the remainder of Namibia's hunting areas are privately owned and do not support lion populations.

^bIncluding all game management areas (some of which may not actually support hunting in practise), excluding the unknown (but relatively small) area of game ranches in which hunting is practised.

^cThe remainder of Zimbabwe's hunting areas comprise CAMPFIRE areas (of which lions are hunted in approximately 6,800 km²), and private ranches (most of which do not support lions, except for conservancies, which are included in the above-analysis).