Table 1. Influence of antipsychotic medication on HERV activity in human brain cell lines.
| HERV | medication | |||||||||||||
| valproic acid | haloperidol | risperidone | clozapine | |||||||||||
| U138 | U251 | SKNSH | SKNMC | HNSC | U138 | SKNSH | HNSC | U138 | SKNSH | HNSC | U138 | SKNSH | HNSC | |
| HERV-I | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HERV-T | − | −/+ | −/0 | − | − | −/0 | 0/+ | − | −/0 | − | − | −/0 | 0 | − |
| HERV-FRD | − | − | −/0 | − | − | −/0 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HERV-E | +/0 | +/0 | + | +/0 | + | + | +/0 | 0/− | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| RGH2(HERV-H) | 0 | 0/− | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/− | 0 | 0 | 0/− | − | 0 | + | −/0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| HERV-ADP | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HERV-Fb(HERV-F) * | ++/0 | −/++ | ++ | −/+ | +/0 | +/0 | +/++ | + | + | 0 | 0/+ | +/0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| HERV-W * | 0/+ | 0/+ | +/0 | 0 | 0/++ | + | + | 0/− | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| HERV-R | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| ERV9 * | + | + | ++/+ | +/++ | + | + | + | +/0 | +/0 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0/+ |
| HML-1 | − | − | 0/− | − | − | − | − | −/0 | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HML-2 * | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| Seq26 (HML-3) * | +/0 | ++/0 | ++/+ | +/++ | +/0 | 0 | 0 | −/0 | +/0 | 0 | 0 | − | 0 | +/0 |
| HML-4 | +/0 | + | +/0 | 0/+ | 0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | 0/− | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| HML-5 | 0 | − | + | −/0 | 0/− | 0/− | − | − | 0/− | − | − | − | − | − |
| HML-6 | +/0 | + | +/0 | 0/+ | + | 0/+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| HML-7 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HML-8 | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| HML-9 | +/0 | +/− | 0/+ | −/+ | −/0 | −/0 | 0 | −/0 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0/+ |
| HERV-KC4(HML-10) * | ++/0 | +/++ | + | 0/+ | +/0 | +/0 | 0/+ | 0/+ | +/0 | + | 0/+ | 0 | + | 0/+ |
| HERV-L | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | +/− |
Two glioblastoma cell lines (U-138MG and U-251MG), two neuroblastoma cell lines (SK-N-SH and SK-N-MC) and the human neural stem cell line HNSC.100 were treated with 5 mM VPA and compared to untreated cells. U-138MG, SK-N-SH and HNSC.100 were also treated with 10 µM haloperidol, risperidone, or clozapine. Data were obtained from at least two microarray experiments of each of two independent antipsychotic drug treatments. Varying results for the two treatments are indicated by a backslash.
− no expression; 0 no influence; + weak influence; ++ strong influence.
Abbreviations: U138 (U-138 MG), U251 (U-251 MG), SKNSH (SK-N-SH), SKNMC (SK-N-MC), HNSC (HNSC.100).
*HERV subgroups selected for quantification by qRT-PCR.