Figure 1.

Lithium conditioned place aversion is impaired in mice lacking RSK2 gene (mrsk2 KO). Wild-type (WT) but not mrsk2 KO animals exhibit a significant place aversion for the compartment associated with LiCl when tested drug-free (WT: n = 16 per dose; and KO: n = 14 per dose). Data show mean (±SEM) time spent in the drug-paired compartment (expressed as a percentage of time spent in the two compartments) during the 20-min pre- and post-conditioning sessions. Data were computed with the Statistical Program for the Social Sciences (SPSS; V.18.0) and analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), with genotype/shRNA and treatment as between-groups factors and session (pre- vs. post-conditioning) as a within-group factor. (See Supplemental Material for details.) (**) P < 0.05, comparison between genotype; (***) P < 0.001, comparison to saline control.