Growth of the evolved strain ENZ1901 in mixed culture and in spent medium. (A to D) Mixed cultures. Derivatives of the evolved strain ENZ1901 (Kmr) (solid symbols) were added into 1-day-old cultures of the ancestral strain ENZ535 (Tcr, ENZ1797) (open symbols) in Pi-limiting medium. (A) ENZ1901 ΔphoBR (ENZ2015) (▴), ENZ1901 ΔphoB (ENZ2079) (▾), and ENZ1901 ΔphnK (ENZ2268) (● and ■). (B) ENZ1901 ΔphnE (ENZ2271) (▴ and ▾). (C) ENZ1901 ΔpstA (ENZ2260) (▴ and ▾) and ENZ1901 (broken line) (the values are from Fig. S2A in the supplemental material). (D) ENZ1901 ΔphnE ΔpstA (ENZ2277) (▴ and ▾) and ENZ1901 ΔphnE ΔphoE (ENZ2278) (● and ■). (E to H) Spent media. The ancestral strain ENZ535 (Tcr, ENZ1797) (○ and □) and derivatives of the evolved strain ENZ1901 (Kmr) (▵ and ▿) were grown as monocultures in Pi-limiting medium for 1 day, diluted 103-fold, and added (0.5 ml of each) into 50 ml of filter-sterilized spent medium obtained from 1-day-old cultures of the ancestral strain ENZ535 in Pi-limiting medium. (E) ENZ1901 (ENZ2000). (F) ENZ1901 ΔphnE (ENZ2271). (G) ENZ1901 ΔpstA (ENZ2260). (H) ENZ1901 ΔphnE ΔpstA (ENZ2277).