Table 1.
Baseline subject characteristics, acne severity and blood variables.
| Low GI, n = 23 | High GI, n = 20 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | ||
| Age (y) | 16.6 ± 0.2 | 16.5 ± 0.3 | 0.92 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0 ± 1.0 a | 23.1 ± 0.6 b | 0.45 |
| Weight (kg) | 76.0 ± 3.3 | 75.4 ± 1.8 | 0.87 |
| Facial acne score/3 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.30 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 0.1 c | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 0.54 |
| Insulin (pmol/L) | 22.7 ± 4.1 c | 22.9 ± 2.3 | 0.98 |
| HOMA-IR | 0.7 ± 0.1 c | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.51 |
| Testosterone (nmol/L) | 34.3 ± 1.8 c | 32.4 ± 1.6 | 0.43 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 23.7 ± 2.4 c | 26.4 ± 2.1 | 0.59 |
| FAI (nmol/L) | 177.7 ± 20.6 c | 142.6 ± 12.7 | 0.16 |
| DHEA-S (µmol/L) | 5.9 ± 0.6 c | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 0.04 |
| IGF-1 (nmol/L) | 56.6 ± 4.7 c | 57.8 ± 3.6 | 0.84 |
| IGFBP-1 (ng/mL) | 33.4 ± 6.0 c | 30.8 ± 3.1 | 0.71 |
| IGFBP-3 (µg/mL) | 6.2 ± 0.3 c | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 0.84 |
DHEA-S: dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate; FAI: free androgen index; GI: glycemic index; HOMA‑IR: homeostasis modeling assessment of insulin resistance; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-1 and -3: insulin like growth factor binding proteins -1 and -3; P: independent samples t-test; SHBG: sex hormone binding globulin; a: n = 22; b: n = 19; c: n = 20; Three subjects on the low GI diet refused blood collection.