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. 2010 Mar 15;2(3):340–354. doi: 10.3390/nu2030340

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Transcriptional activation of ERα and ERαΔAF-1 by enantiomeric forms of equol in HepG2 (AF-1 permissive) and HeLa (AF-2 permissive) epithelial cells. The effects of R- and S-forms and racemic equol (10 µM) on ERα and ERΔAF-1 transcriptional activities in HepG2 (A) and Hela (B) cell lines, respectively. Cells were co-transfected with ERα or ER ΔAF-1 and the ERE-TK-LUC. Data are expressed as reporter fold induction compared to control (Vehicle (V), EtOH 0.01%). Shown are means ± SEM of 2-5 independent experiments, each performed in triplicate. Comparisons between experimental conditions were performed as described in methods section. Statistical significance for comparison between ER constructs or between R- and S-equol is indicated by *** for p < 0.001 or by ° for p < 0.05, respectively.