Table 1.
Intervention with vitamin D on fracture prevention.
| Study | Study design | n | Sex | Mean age [years] | Treatment | Length | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT, controlled trial;OSD, open study design trial; F, female; M, male; D3, cholecalciferol; D2, ergocalciferol; Ca, calcium;/d, daily; mths, months; yrly, yearly; IU, International units | |||||||
| Heikinheimo et al. 1992 (66) | CT | 320 | M/F | 75-84 | 150,000-300,000 IUD2 yrly | 5 yrs | Groups with vitamin D had sig lower rate of fractures, |
| 479 | M/F | >85 | 150,000-300,000 IU D2 yrly | 5 yrs | particularly upper limb but not lower limb fractures | ||
| Lips et al. 1996 (69) | CT | 2578 | M/F | 80 | 400 IU D3/d | 3.5 yrs | No effect |
| Peacock et al. 2000 (71) | CT | 438 | M/F | 74 | 800 IU D3/d | 4 yrs | No effect |
| Meyer et al. 2002 (74) | CT | 1144 | M/F | 84 | 400 IU D3/d | 2 yrs | No effect |
| Trivedi et al. 2003 (75) | CT | 2686 | M/F | 75 | 100 000 IU D3 four monthly | 5 yrs | 33% lower rate for fracture at hip, forearm and vertebrae |
| Grant et al. 2005 (76) | CT | 2675 | M/F | 77 | 800 IU D3/d | 2 yrs | No effect |
| Sato et al. 2005(77) | CT | 96 | F | 74 | 1, 000 IU D2/d | 2 yrs | Reduction in hip fracture |
| Law et al. 2006 (78) | OSD | 3717 | M/F | 85 | 1,100 IU D2/d | 10 mths | No effect |
| Lyons et al. 2006 (79) | CT | 3440 | M/F | 84 | 100 000 IU D2 four monthly | 3 yrs | No effect |
| Smith et al. 2007 (80) | CT | 9440 | M/F | 79 | 300 000 IU D2/d | 3 yrs | No effect |