Table 2.
Interventionwith vitamin D plus calcium on fracture prevention.
| Study | Study design | n | Sex | Mean age [years] | Treatment | Length | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT, controlled trial;OSD, open study design trial; F, female; M, male; D3, cholecalciferol; D2, ergocalciferol; Ca, calcium;/d, daily; yr, year; yrs, years | |||||||
| Chapuy et al. 1992 (81) | CT | 3270 | F | 84 | 800 IU D3 & 1200 mg Ca/d | 2 yrs | Hip fractures 43% & non-vertebral fractures 32% lower |
| Dawson Hughes et al. 1997 (84) | CT | 389 | M/F | 71 | 700 IU D3 & 500 mg Ca/d | 3 yrs | Reduction in non-vertebral fractures |
| Komulainen et al. 1999 (85) | CT | 464 | F | 52 | 300 IU D3 (100 IU in last yr) & 93 mg Ca/d | 5 yrs | Noeffect |
| Chapuy et al. 2002 (87) | CT | 583 | F | 85 | 800 IU D3 & 1200 mg Ca/d | 2 yrs | No effect |
| Harwood et al. 2004 (88) | OSD | 76 | F | 82 | 800 IU D3 & 1000 mg Ca/d | 1 yr | No effect |
| Larsen et al. 2004 (89) | CT | 9605 | M/F | 74 | 400 IU D3 & 1000 mg Ca/d | 3 yrs | 16% reduction in fracture risk |
| Flicker et al. 2005 (90) | CT | 625 | M/F | 83 | 10,000 IU D2 wk to 1000 IU/d& 600 mg Ca/d | 2 yrs | No effect |
| Porthouse et al. 2005 (91) | OSD | 3314 | F | 70 | 800 IU D3 & 1000 mg Ca/d | 25 mths | No effect |
| Grant et al. 2005 (76) | CT | 2638 | M/F | 77 | 800 IU D3 & 1000 mg Ca/d | 2 yrs | No effect |
| Jackson et al. 2006 (92) | CT | 36282 | F | 62 | 400 IU D3 & 500 mg Ca/d | 7 yrs | No effect |
| Pfeifer et al. 2009 (93) | CT | 242 | M/F | 77 | 800 IU D3/1000 mg Ca/d | 2 yrs | No effect |