Table 1.
Unadjusted Odds of Carrying and Lifting for Farmers and Spouses in the Agricultural Health Study, 1993–1997, Demographic, Farm Characteristics, Health Behavior, and Health Status Factors
| Farmers (n=21,296) | Spouses (n=30,591) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristica | n (%) | Odds of CL ≥ 1 hr per day | 95% CI | n (%) | Odds of CL ≥ 1 hr per day | 95% CI |
| Carrying/Lifting | ||||||
| < 1 hour per day | 8876 (42) | --- | --- | 22674 (74) | --- | --- |
| ≥ 1 hours per day | 12420 (58) | --- | --- | 7917 (26) | --- | --- |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 20370 (98) | 1.00 | Referent | 30039 (98) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Non-white | 354 (2) | 0.68 | 0.55–0.84 | 508 (2) | 0.60 | 0.47–0.75 |
| Education | ||||||
| High School Degree or less | 11716 (58) | 1.11 | 1.05–1.17 | 12476 (46) | 1.27 | 1.20–1.34 |
| Greater than High School Degree | 8678 (43) | 1.00 | Referent | 14938 (55) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Years spent on farms | ||||||
| 0–10 years | 656 (3) | 0.64 | 0.54–0.74 | 4275 (14) | 0.64 | 0.59–0.70 |
| 11–30 years | 4270 (20) | 1.19 | 1.11–1.28 | 10433 (34) | 0.99 | 0.93–1.04 |
| > 30 years | 16032 (77) | 1.00 | Referent | 15528 (51) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Age | ||||||
| < 50 | 11179 (53) | 1.00 | Referent | 18267 (60) | 1.00 | Referent |
| ≥ 50 | 10116 (47) | 0.46 | 0.44–0.49 | 12322 (40) | 0.59 | 0.56–0.63 |
| Marital Statusb | ||||||
| Not Married | 3282 (15) | 1.00 | Referent | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| Married or living as married | 17926 (85) | 0.77 | 0.72–0.84 | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| Ever Employed off the Farm | ||||||
| Yes | 13766 (65) | 0.93 | 0.88–0.99 | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| No | 7433 (35) | 1.00 | Referent | -------- | -------- | -------- |
| Body Mass Index Categoriesc | ||||||
| Under or Normal Weight | 4892 (26) | 1.00 | Referent | 10795 (50) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Overweight | 9369 (51) | 0.92 | 0.86–0.99 | 6769 (32) | 1.15 | 1.07–1.23 |
| Obese | 4305 (23) | 0.98 | 0.91–1.07 | 3926 (18) | 1.14 | 1.05–1.24 |
| State of Residence | ||||||
| Iowa | 14135 (66) | 1.19 | 1.12–1.26 | 21039 (69) | 1.53 | 1.44–1.62 |
| North Carolina | 7161 (34) | 1.00 | Referent | 9552 (31) | 1.00 | Referent |
| History of Chronic Disease Diagnosis | ||||||
| Yesd | 8250 (41) | 0.77 | 0.73–0.82 | 10878 (36) | 0.87 | 0.83–0.92 |
| No | 11817 (59) | 1.00 | Referent | 19713 (64) | 1.00 | Referent |
| History of Cancer Diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 1269 (6) | 0.67 | 0.60–0.75 | 1680 (6) | 0.74 | 0.66–0.83 |
| No | 18621 (94) | 1.00 | Referent | 28514 (94) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Leisure PA (tertile)c,e | ||||||
| Lowc | 9053 (44) | 1.00 | Referent | 8716 (39) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Moderate | 7381 (36) | 1.33 | 1.25–1.41 | 7503 (33) | 1.34 | 1.25–1.45 |
| High | 4256 (21) | 1.97 | 1.82–2.13 | 6307 (28) | 2.19 | 2.03–2.35 |
| Hours spent in the sun per dayc | ||||||
| Up to 3 hours | 2097 (10) | 0.43 | 0.39–0.48 | 13358 (59) | 0.58 | 0.54–0.62 |
| 3–5 hours | 5878 (28) | 1.00 | Referent | 6389 (28) | 1.00 | Referent |
| > 5 hours | 13116 (62) | 1.84 | 1.73–1.96 | 2762 (12) | 2.26 | 2.06–2.47 |
| Currently smoke | ||||||
| Yes | 2662 (13) | 1.28 | 1.18–1.39 | 3080 (10) | 1.27 | 1.17–1.37 |
| No | 17950 (87) | 1.00 | Referent | 26784 (90) | 1.00 | Referent |
Notes: “–” indicates variables that were not included in the model. “CI” is Confidence Interval
n (% of those who responded) presented
Missing observations ranged from 0–10% depending on the variable unless otherwise noted
Marital status not asked among women
Missing observations greater then 10% of sample for spouses: Body Mass Index Categories (missing=9101, 30% of sample), Leisure PA (missing=8065, 26.4% of sample, and hours spent in the sun per day (missing=8082, 26.4% of sample)
Chronic disease is an aggregate variable includes ever being diagnosed with one or more of the following conditions: angina, arrhythmia, asthma, nephritis, bronchitis, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney infection, diabetes, emphysema, epilepsy, heart disease, hypertension, kidney disease, kidney failure, other kidney disease, lupus, multiple sclerosis, myocardial infraction, nervous disorder, Parkinson’s, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, thyrotoxicosis, thyroid disease, ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s Disease
Men: Low: less than 45 minutes/wk, Moderate: 45 minutes-3 hours/wk, High: More than 3 hours/wk
Women: Low: less than 30 minutes/wk, Moderate: 30 minutes = 2.25 hours/week, High: More than 2.25 minutes/week