Table 2.
Levels of 27 immune mediators in current smokers and nonsmokers over 7 days
| Immune mediator | Mean ng/μl ± SD (median ng/μl)a on day: |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
2 |
4 |
7 |
|||||
| Nonsmokers (n = 15) | Current smokers (n = 15) | Nonsmokers (n = 15) | Current smokers (n = 15) | Nonsmokers (n = 15) | Current smokers (n = 15) | Nonsmokers (n = 15) | Current smokers (n = 15) | |
| IL-1ra | 26,023 ± 8,869 (24,749) | 26,628 ± 15,772 (23,900) | 29,681 ± 10,782 (27,502) | 25,966 ± 11,427 (27,273) | 26,581 ± 8,008 (23,976) | 20,429 ± 15,893 (25,098) | 24,831 ± 8,074 (24,593) | 26,454 ± 11,817 (21,068) |
| IL-4 | 23 ± 16 (17) | 29 ± 19 (26) | 15 ± 13 (13) | 28 ± 14 (30) | 16 ± 13 (12) | 24 ± 15 (24) | 29 ± 19 (27) | 35 ± 15 (31) |
| IL-10 | 73 ± 93 (52) | 78 ± 105 (13) | 66 ± 62 (38) | 71 ± 89 (70) | 76 ± 79 (59) | 33 ± 59 (0) | 72 ± 66 (79) | 9 ± 21 (0)** |
| IL-13 | 93 ± 78 (69) | 114 ± 89 (77) | 110 ± 138 (42) | 90 ± 115 (68) | 68 ± 70 (40) | 109 ± 131 (90) | 92 ± 89 (75) | 74 ± 64 (41) |
| G-CSF | 33 ± 28 (21) | 133 ± 167 (88)*** | 29 ± 37 (12) | 113 ± 103 (126)** | 41 ± 60 (23) | 114 ± 82 (106)** | 61 ± 70 (46) | 130 ± 74 (86)* |
| IL-1b | 7,915 ± 3,843 (7,726) | 15,271 ± 9,302 (17,208)** | 8,437 ± 6,054 (5,920) | 14,023 ± 8,017 (15,334)** | 9,072 ± 4,303 (7,120) | 15,484 ± 8,353 (17,752)* | 13,471 ± 5,833 (12,106) | 20,109 ± 10,356 (16,045) |
| IL-2 | 35 ± 14 (37) | 59 ± 42 (50)* | 31 ± 15 (33) | 56 ± 33 (48)* | 32 ± 15 (30) | 61 ± 49 (61)* | 40 ± 23 (39) | 64 ± 36 (49) |
| IL-5 | 2 ± 2 (2) | 7 ± 6 (6) | 2 ± 4 (0) | 7 ± 7 (6) | 1 ± 2 (0) | 13 ± 30 (8) | 2 ± 2 (0) | 8 ± 5 (4) |
| IL-6 | 76 ± 69 (58) | 131 ± 189 (42) | 70 ± 53 (65) | 49 ± 152 (99) | 45 ± 27 (47) | 76 ± 86 (41) | 42 ± 30 (35) | 68 ± 59 (40) |
| IL-7 | 16 ± 10 (15) | 26 ± 24 (25) | 14 ± 10 (13) | 21 ± 18 (17) | 12 ± 8 (10) | 31 ± 43 (25) | 15 ± 10 (16) | 24 ± 16 (17) |
| IL-8 | 14,430 ± 7,584 (12,321) | 26,032 ± 17,105 (25,143)** | 13,992 ± 7,798 (14,029) | 23,060 ± 15,101 (20,555)* | 10,147 ± 6,030 (8,090) | 16,216 ± 16,686 (18,200) | 9,431 ± 4,803 (7,581) | 18,509 ± 8,840 (15,445) |
| IL-9 | 19 ± 22 (16) | 36 ± 38 (34)* | 9 ± 12 (0) | 12 ± 30 (4) | 9 ± 17 (0) | 21 ± 27 (0) | 11 ± 18 (0) | 14 ± 21 (1) |
| IL-12 | 33 ± 28 (36) | 134 ± 128 (74)** | 30 ± 45 (9) | 80 ± 145 (94) | 15 ± 24 (0) | 82 ± 53 (57)* | 21 ± 20 (19) | 71 ± 85 (32) |
| IL-15 | 101 ± 180 (30) | 0 ± 0 (0)** | 102 ± 121 (40) | 0 ± 0 (0)** | 85 ± 106 (57) | 73 ± 284 (0) | 58 ± 72 (0) | 0 ± 0 (0) |
| IL-17 | 29 ± 51 (12) | 21 ± 27 (3) | 12 ± 21 (0) | 14 ± 19 (0) | 19 ± 39 (0) | 15 ± 29 (12) | 30 ± 41 (10) | 15 ± 30 (0) |
| GM-CSF | 23 ± 20 (20) | 16 ± 14 (12) | 18 ± 14 (18) | 14 ± 11 (17) | 16 ± 15 (8) | 11 ± 9 (10) | 29 ± 21 (18) | 14 ± 10 (13) |
| IFN-γ | 21 ± 9 (17) | 41 ± 27 (27)** | 18 ± 9 (18) | 36 ± 25 (29)* | 18 ± 10 (18) | 30 ± 22 (32) | 26 ± 16 (29) | 40 ± 22 (28) |
| MCP-1 | 63 ± 80 (32) | 14 ± 45 (0)** | 13 ± 20 (0) | 0 ± 1 (0) | 32 ± 75 (0) | 12 ± 45 (0) | 5 ± 11 (0) | 5 ± 18 (0) |
| MIP-1a | 88 ± 58 (85) | 90 ± 93 (83) | 84 ± 66 (64) | 72 ± 50 (72) | 93 ± 66 (76) | 77 ± 52 (61) | 94 ± 51 (93) | 88 ± 61 (58) |
| MIP-1b | 3,045 ± 2,572 (2,925) | 2,517 ± 4,410 (1,031) | 1,549 ± 2,434 (1,030) | 621 ± 3,304 (698) | 474 ± 235 (420) | 442 ± 501 (339) | 536 ± 374 (407) | 334 ± 389 (125) |
| RANTES | 33 ± 16 (31) | 93 ± 203 (47)** | 24 ± 16 (26) | 173 ± 522 (57)*** | 26 ± 14 (30) | 32 ± 16 (38) | 43 ± 22 (45) | 70 ± 44 (38) |
| TNF-α | 21 ± 47 (0) | 55 ± 48 (58)* | 10 ± 17 (0) | 39 ± 49 (36)* | 14 ± 30 (0) | 63 ± 54 (63)** | 38 ± 53 (0) | 52 ± 52 (52) |
| VEGF | 344 ± 265 (261) | 1,655 ± 1,273 (1,870)*** | 318 ± 310 (155) | 1,298 ± 1,206 (1,299)** | 307 ± 362 (208) | 1,203 ± 892 (767)** | 367 ± 286 (307) | 1,309 ± 995 (1,012)** |
| PDGF-bb | 72 ± 68 (37) | 152 ± 151 (102) | 92 ± 144 (33) | 132 ± 141 (176) | 41 ± 40 (36) | 115 ± 83 (76) | 63 ± 56 (66) | 101 ± 89 (48) |
| IP-10 | 7,450 ± 14,862 (2,596) | 10,764 ± 8,695 (3,161) | 1,488 ± 2,626 (407) | 1,044 ± 12,030 (722) | 193 ± 250 (119) | 939 ± 975 (465) | 192 ± 324 (83) | 1,106 ± 1,813 (372) |
| Eotaxin | 32 ± 15 (31) | 56 ± 65 (12) | 29 ± 14 (25) | 49 ± 53 (23) | 26 ± 14 (24) | 36 ± 41 (29) | 34 ± 16 (37) | 29 ± 38 (13) |
| FGFBb | 55 ± 60 (47) | 101 ± 146 (18) | 52 ± 38 (43) | 56 ± 81 (1) | 52 ± 45 (36) | 70 ± 103 (6) | 61 ± 40 (57) | 68 ± 116 (2) |
a
Significant differences between the two groups (by 2-sample t test on normalized score) are highlighted in gray. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.
b
FGFB, fibroblast growth factor basic.