Table 1.
Effect of Human Cytomegalovirus Viremia (Sera DNA) at 6 Months on Anthropometric z Scores at 18 Months
| Mean (SD) |
||||||||
| HCMV Negative | HCMV Positive | Unadjusted Regression Coefficient (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted Regression Coefficienta (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted Regression Coefficientb (95% CI) | P Value | |
| All children | n = 336 | n = 226 | ||||||
| Length | −1.05 (1.17) | −1.03 (1.07) | 0.02 (−.19 to .23) | .87 | 0.05 (−.15 to .25) | .61 | 0.06 (−.14 to .26) | .55 |
| Weight | −0.50 (1.23) | −0.50 (1.14) | 0.00 (−.23 to .22) | .99 | 0.03 (−.18 to .25) | .77 | 0.04 (−.18 to .25) | .72 |
| Head circumference | 0.57 (0.97) | 0.61 (1.06) | 0.05 (−.14 to .23) | .64 | 0.08 (−.11 to .26) | .40 | 0.10 (−.09 to .28) | .30 |
| Arm circumference | 0.20 (1.15) | 0.01 (1.06) | −0.20 (−.41 to .01) | .07 | −0.17 (−.37 to .04) | .11 | −0.16 (−.36 to .05) | .13 |
| Maternal HIV negative | n = 241 | n = 152 | ||||||
| Length | −1.06 (1.19) | −0.81 (1.00) | 0.25 (.00–.51) | .06 | 0.24 (.00 to .48) | .05 | 0.24 (.00 to .48) | .05 |
| Weight | −0.48 (1.25) | −0.28 (1.07) | 0.19 (–.08 to .47) | .17 | 0.19 (–.07 to .45) | .16 | 0.19 (−.07 to .46) | .15 |
| Head circumference | 0.62 (1.00) | 0.84 (1.01) | 0.22 (−.01 to .45) | .06 | 0.23 (.00 to .46) | .05 | 0.24 (.01 to .46) | .04 |
| Arm circumference | 0.27 (1.13) | 0.16 (0.95) | −0.11 (−.37 to .15) | .40 | −0.10 (−.35 to .15) | .43 | −0.10 (−.35 to .15) | .43 |
| Maternal HIV positive | n = 65 | n = 55 | ||||||
| Length | −1.09 (1.07) | −1.54 (1.14) | −0.45 (−.89 to –.02) | .04 | −0.40 (−.80 to .01) | .05 | −0.40 (−.80 to .00) | .05 |
| Weight | −0.58 (1.16) | −0.94 (1.30) | −0.36 (−.82 to .10) | .13 | −0.31 (−.75 to .13) | .16 | −0.32 (−.76 to .13) | .16 |
| Head circumference | 0.42 (0.91) | 0.25 (1.09) | −0.17 (−.56 to .22) | .40 | −0.13 (−.51 to .25) | .50 | −0.12 (−.50 to .26) | .54 |
| Arm circumference | 0.01 (1.28) | −0.36 (1.27) | −0.36 (−.80 to .07) | .10 | −0.33 (−.75 to .09) | .13 | −0.33 (−.75 to .09) | .12 |
P values for interaction HCMV viremia with maternal HIV: length-for-age = .007, weight-for-age = .05, head circumference-for-age = .11, and arm circumference-for-age = .35. Infants of women with unknown HIV status were excluded from the stratified analyses.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SD, standard deviation.
a
Adjusted for maternal socioeconomic status and education.
b
Additionally adjusted for diet treatment arm and breastfeeding duration.