Table 5.
Effect of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection (Antibody) on Development at 18 Months
| Mean (SD) | ||||||
| HCMV Negative | HCMV Positive | Unadjusted Regression Coefficienta (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted Regression Coefficientb (95% CI) | P Value | |
| All children | n = 48 | n = 239 | ||||
| MDI | 89.2 (7.3) | 88.8 (7.8) | −0.4 (−2.8 to 2.0) | .73 | −0.1 (−2.7 to 2.5) | .97 |
| PDI | 92.2 (4.3) | 90.4 (6.2) | −1.8 (−3.6 to .0) | .05 | −2.0 (−4.0 to .0) | .05 |
| Maternal HIV negative | n = 22 | n = 121 | ||||
| MDI | 90.9 (6.6) | 88.9 (8.2) | −2.0 (−5.7 to 1.7) | .28 | −0.5 (−4.2 to 3.3) | .79 |
| PDI | 92.5 (4.4) | 90.8 (6.3) | −1.7 (−4.5 to 1.1) | .22 | −1.0 (−3.8 to 1.8) | .48 |
| Maternal HIV positive | n = 19 | n = 86 | ||||
| MDI | 87.5 (6.7) | 87.8 (7.1) | 0.3 (–3.2 to 3.8) | .86 | 0.8 (-3.4 to 5.0) | .71 |
| PDI | 92.1 (4.1) | 89.2 (6.5) | −2.8 (−5.9 to .2) | .07 | −4.1 (−7.8 to −.5) | .03 |
P values for interaction between human cytomegalovirus exposure and maternal human immunodeficiency virus on mental development index = 0.12, on psychomotor development index = 0.13.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MDI, mental development index; PDI, psychomotor development index; SD, standard deviation.
a
Mean difference.
b
Adjusted for socioeconomic status, mother’s education, diet intervention arm, and breastfeeding duration.