Table 2.

Effects of Driving Time on AMI Health Outcomes

	AMI Mortality Rates					Other Outcomes
	7-Day	30-Day	90-Day	180-Day	1-Year	Age	PTCA on Day of Admission
Whole sample
All years after driving time increased by <10 minutes	−0.0002	0.0029	0.0046	0.0061†	0.0037	0.0716	−0.0064**
	(0.0023)	(0.0032)	(0.0035)	(0.0036)	(0.0037)	(0.0636)	(0.0023)
All years after driving time increased by 10–30 minutes	−0.0063	−0.0098	−0.0061	−0.0026	−0.0072	−0.0295	−0.0099*
	(0.0049)	(0.0067)	(0.0074)	(0.0075)	(0.0075)	(0.1441)	(0.0045)
All years after driving time increased by >30 minutes	0.0172	0.0123	0.0258	0.0449†	0.0565*	−0.8168†	0.0194
	(0.0162)	(0.0223)	(0.0254)	(0.0255)	(0.0254)	(0.4303)	(0.0154)
Closest hospital has catheterization lab	−0.0046*	−0.0047*	−0.0034	−0.0026	−0.0036	−0.0887†	0.0017
	(0.0018)	(0.0022)	(0.0025)	(0.0026)	(0.0027)	(0.0476)	(0.0020)
Sample size	1,485,442
Comparable sample (two or fewer hospital access in the baseline)
All years after driving time increased by <10 minutes	0.0095*	0.0168*	0.0203**	0.0197**	0.0165*	0.1500	−0.0091*
	(0.0048)	(0.0067)	(0.0074)	(0.0075)	(0.0074)	(0.1275)	(0.0043)
All years after driving time increased by 10–30 minutes	−0.0045	−0.0056	−0.0045	−0.0010	−0.0053	0.0570	−0.0041
	(0.0052)	(0.0074)	(0.0083)	(0.0082)	(0.0084)	(0.1719)	(0.0050)
All years after driving time increased by ≥30 minutes	0.0178	0.0126	0.0269	0.0466†	0.0574*	−0.7848†	0.0212
	(0.0164)	(0.0225)	(0.0257)	(0.0258)	(0.0257)	(0.4376)	(0.0155)
Closest hospital has catheterization lab	−0.0072**	−0.0060†	−0.0054	−0.0036	−0.0056	−0.0533	−0.0018
	(0.0025)	(0.0032)	(0.0034)	(0.0035)	(0.0036)	(0.0696)	(0.0031)
Sample size	789,735

Notes. Significant at

^†p < .10,

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01.

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.