Table 2.
The hemodynamic variables of sympathetic vasomotor response and their corresponding changes at baseline and after inspiratory cough.
| MSA (n = 18) | Control (n = 10) |
P value: MSA versus control (Mann-Whitney U Test) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | |||
| Pulsatility index | 5.3 ± 3.4‡ | 4.4 ± 2.5‡ | 0.464 |
| V max (cm/s) | 39.0 ± 11.4‡ | 46.2 ± 19.0‡ | 0.356 |
| V min (cm/s) | −0.5 ± 4.5‡ | 0.5 ± 6.4‡ | 0.436 |
| V max mean (cm/s) | 10.1 ± 5.6‡ | 14.1 ± 10.2‡ | 0.408 |
| V mean (cm/s) | 5.2 ± 3.1‡ | 7.0 ± 5.2‡ | 0.436 |
| Flow amount (mL/min) | 20.8 ± 17.6‡ | 30.8 ± 31.2‡ | 0.494 |
| Diameter (mm) | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 0.944 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 79.6 ± 14.2 | 73.0 ± 9.7‡ | 0.249 |
| After inspiratory cough | |||
| Pulsatility index | 7.8 ± 2.2‡ | 8.1 ± 2.0‡ | 0.654 |
| V max (cm/s) | 33.3 ± 9.8‡ | 35.6 ± 12.9‡ | 0.654 |
| V min (cm/s) | −7.1 ± 2.9‡ | −7.2 ± 3.5‡ | 0.906 |
| V max mean (cm/s) | 4.8 ± 3.7‡ | 5.5 ± 2.3‡ | 0.944 |
| V mean (cm/s) | 2.6 ± 0.9‡ | 2.7 ± 1.0‡ | 0.944 |
| Flow amount (mL/min) | 8.4 ± 5.2‡ | 8.4 ± 4.8‡ | 0.944 |
| Diameter (mm) | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 0.981 |
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 80.1 ± 14.4 | 78.6 ± 8.5‡ | 0.981 |
| Difference between baseline and after inspiratory cough | |||
| Pulsatility index | 2.5 ± 1.7 | 3.6 ± 1.8 | 0.133 |
| ΔV max (cm/s) | 5.7 ± 5.7 | 10.6 ± 10.9 | 0.454 |
| ΔV min (cm/s) | 6.5 ± 5.3 | 7.7 ± 5.2 | 0.654 |
| ΔV max mean (cm/s) | 5.2 ± 4.2 | 8.5 ± 8.8 | 0.621 |
| ΔV mean (cm/s) | 2.5 ± 2.3 | 4.3 ± 4.5 | 0.524 |
| ΔFlow amount (mL/min) | 12.0 ± 13.0 | 22.4 ± 26.9 | 0.408 |
| ΔDiameter (mm) | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | 0.832 |
| ΔHeart rate (beat/min) | 0.4 ± 3.0* | 5.5 ± 4.0* | 0.001* |
| Latency (s) | 5.1 ± 0.8* | 3.9 ± 0.8* | 0.000* |
Note: Values are mean ± S.D.; MSA: multiple system atrophy; ‡ or * indicated significant difference of hemodynamic measurements between baseline and after inspiratory cough or between MSA and control, respectively.