Table 4.
Comparison of the Groups
| No Trauma | Trauma, No PTSD | Remitted PTSD | Chronic PTSD | p Value of ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants | 95 (39%) | 64 (26%) | 41 (17%) | 41 (17%) | |
| Age | 46.4 | 44.4 | 43.0 | 42.1 | .094 |
| Female Gender | 15% | 9% | 20% | 22% | ns |
| Lifetime Alcohol Usea | 25.56 | 32.82 | 34.68 | 37.47 | ns |
| Current Alcohol Usea | 14.15 | 13.21 | 11.20 | 7.87 | ns |
| Current Marijuana Use | 6% | 5% | 2% | 17% | .041 |
| Early Life Trauma Reported | 7% | 21% | 24% | 47% | <.001 |
| Yrs of Education | 15.0 | 14.7 | 14.3 | 14.3 | ns |
| Use of Antidepressants | 12% | 11% | 20% | 39% | <.001 |
| ICV (mL) | 1582 | 1606 | 1583 | 1569 | ns |
| Depression Score (HAM-D) | 4.3 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 14.1 | <.001 |
| Current CAPS Score | 0 | 8.3 | 19.3 | 64.4 | <.001 |
| Lifetime CAPS Score | 0 | 20.7 | 63.3 | 84.9 | <.001 |
| BL Hippocampal Volumea (mL) | 5.292 | 5.343 | 5.367 | 5.006 | .040 |
| BL Hippocampal Volume, ICV-Adjusteda (mL) | 5.300 | 5.300 | 5.374 | 5.044 | .046 |
N = 241. The four groups were defined by trauma exposure and PTSD symptom severity. No Trauma: no Criterion A event reported; Trauma, no PTSD: Criterion A event reported, lifetime and current CAPS score < 40; Remitted PTSD: Criterion A event reported, lifetime CAPS score ≥ 40, current CAPS score < 40; Chronic PTSD: Criterion A event reported, lifetime and current CAPS score ≥ 40. Data is presented as means and percentages.
ANOVA, analysis of variance; BL, bilateral; other abbreviations as in Table 1.
a
Drinks/month.