Table 1.
Experimental design for species tested for SC intensity. Species: H, hermaphrodite. Competition size: 1v0-2 means a focal male was presented with 0, 1 or 2 other males. 1v1/5 means it was one or five males; m, males; f, females; s, small; l, large. Traits: CD, copula duration; VST, various sperm traits; SE, sperm expenditure. Model: support/refute SCI model predictions. Population-level analyses are not included.
| species | competition | trait inspected | model | ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schistocephalus solidus (H) | 1v1/3 | sperm storage volume | support | [16] |
| Macrostomum lignano (H) | 1v1/2/3/7 | sex allocation | support | [17,18] |
| Ophryotrocha diadema (H) | 1v1/11 | sex allocation | support | [19] |
| Helobdella papillomata (H) | 1v0/1/3/7 | testisac volume | support | [20] |
| Ophryotrocha diadema (H) | 1v2/6/12 | sex allocation | refute | [13,21] |
| yellow dung fly | 1v1/3 | testis size | support | [22] |
| fruit fly | 1v0/1/3 | CD | support | [23] |
| 1v1/2/4 | seminal fluid composition | support | [24] | |
| golden egg bug | 1v1/2 | CD, SE | support | [25] |
| rice weevil | 1v1/5/10 | courtship duration, CD | support | [26] |
| monarch butterfly | 1v3, 1s:1l | VST | refute | [27] |
| tropical house cricket | 1v0/1/6 | SE | refute | [28] |
| spring field cricket | 1v0/1/6 | SE | support | [28] |
| Southwestern field cricket | 1v0/1/6 | SE | refute | [28] |
| Australian field cricket | 1v0/1/5 | SE | support | [29] |
| 1v0,1,5,10,15 | VST | refute | [15] | |
| house cricket | 1v0/1/7 | SE | refute | [30] |
| tropical house cricket | 1v0/1/7 | SE | refute | [30] |
| Cordylochernes scorpioides | 1v0-3 | SE | refute | [14] |
| mealworm beetle | 1m:2f/3/4f, 2mv4f | time near scent origin | refute | [31] |
| peppermint shrimp (H) | 1v1/2/5/10 | sex allocation | refute | [32] |
| sailfin mollies | 1m:3f, 3m:1f | SE | refute | [33] |
| guppy | 1v0/1/2/4 | VST | refute | [34] |
| European bitterling | 1v0/1/3/5 | ejaculation rate | support | [35] |
| not specified | SE | support | [36] | |
| grass goby | 1v0/1/2/4 | ejaculate size | support | [37] |
| 1v0/1/4 | territoriality, aggression & SE | refute | [38] | |
| black goby | 1v0/1/2/4 | ejaculate size | support | [37] |
| 1v0/1/4 | territoriality, aggression & SE | support | [38] | |
| rainbow darter | 1v0/1/4 | ejaculate size | refute | [39] |
| freshwater crayfish | 1v0/1/3/ | ejaculate size | refute | [40] |
| red-spotted newt | 1v0/1/3/7 | courting display | support | [41] |
| small-mouthed salamander | 1v0/1/2 | courtship duration, spermatophore number | support | [42] |
| Australian quacking frog | 1v0/1/2/4 | fertilization success | support | [43] |
| 1v0/1/2 | ejaculate & testis size | refute | [12] | |
| meadow vole | 1v5 | SE | support | [44] |
| bank vole | 1v1/4 | VST | support | [45] |