Table 1.
Basic properties of VGCF in PBS containing 0.1% gelatin
| VGCF in gelatin | Testing method | |
|---|---|---|
| Diameter (nm) | 80–130 | FE-SEM |
| Length (μm) | 7–10 | FE-SEM |
| d002 (Å) | 3.385 | X-ray diffraction |
| R value (Id/I)a | 0.088 | Raman spectroscopy (514 nm) |
| Specific surface area (m2/g) | 15 | N2 adsorption |
| Real density (g/cm3) | 2.1 | Pycnometer |
| Zeta potential (mV) | 1.18 ± 1.66 | Particle sizing and zeta potential analyzerb |
| Agglomerate diameter (nm) | 1442 | Particle sizing and zeta potential analyzerc |
a
Notes: R refers to the intensity of D band over the intensity of G band;
b
phase-shift analysis for electrophoretic light scattering;
c
dynamic light scattering technique.
Abbreviations: VGCF, vapor-grown carbon fibers; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; FE-SEM, field emission scanning electron microscope.