TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics by levels of baseline hematological status (n = 684)1
| Baseline hematological status2 |
|||||
| No anemia or iron deficiency | Iron deficiency without anemia | Anemia without iron deficiency | Iron deficiency anemia | P3 | |
| All, n(%) | 135 (20) | 111 (16) | 182 (27) | 256 (37) | |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
| Sex, n(% F) | 16 (12) | 22 (20) | 56 (31) | 142 (55) | <0.001 |
| Age, y | 34 ± 10 | 30 ± 9 | 35 ± 9 | 31 ± 8 | <0.001 |
| Highest education, n(%) | 0.15 | ||||
| None | 14 (10) | 5 (5) | 18 (10) | 31 (12) | |
| Incomplete primary | 9 (7) | 9 (8) | 22 (12) | 32 (13) | |
| Incomplete secondary | 95 (70) | 83 (75) | 116 (64) | 171 (67) | |
| Secondary or higher | 17 (13) | 14 (13) | 26 (14) | 22 (9) | |
| Household size,4n | 4 ± 3 | 5 ± 3 | 4 ± 3 | 5 ± 3 | 0.33 |
| Amount spent on food5 | 667 ± 946 | 566 ± 399 | 561 ± 377 | 533 ± 405 | 0.34 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||||
| HIV infected, n(%) | 67 (50) | 34 (31) | 137 (75) | 175 (68) | <0.001 |
| History of previous TB disease, n(%) | 81 (60) | 73 (66) | 90 (49) | 130 (51) | 0.02 |
| Colonies in AFB culture, n(%) | 0.13 | ||||
| None | 6 (4) | 9 (8) | 5 (3) | 13 (5) | |
| 1–100 | 69 (51) | 55 (50) | 103 (57) | 156 (61) | |
| >100 | 59 (44) | 47 (42) | 74 (41) | 86 (34) | |
| Karnofsky score <70%, n(%) | 7 (5) | 5 (5) | 20 (11) | 42 (16) | <0.001 |
| CRP,6mg/L | 18 (9,36) | 18 (9,35) | 23 (10,42) | 25 (14,41) | 0.03 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 19 ± 3 | 20 ± 3 | 19 ± 3 | 19 ± 3 | 0.01 |
| CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 588 ± 340 | 611 ± 318 | 412 ± 281 | 401 ± 274 | <0.001 |
| WHO clinical stage,7n (%) | 0.84 | ||||
| Stage 3 | 46 (94) | 24 (92) | 89 (90) | 107 (90) | |
| Stage 4 | 3 (6) | 2 (8) | 10 (10) | 12 (10) | |
| HIV RNA >50,000 copies/mm37n(%) | 29 (48) | 10 (44) | 68 (60) | 75 (54) | 0.35 |
Values are mean ± SD unless otherwise noted. Totals may be <684 due to missing values. AFB, acid-fast bacilli; Hb, hemoglobin; MCV, mean corpuscular volume.
Hematological status was categorized as no anemia or iron deficiency: Hb ≥110 g/L and MCV ≥80 fL; iron deficiency without anemia: Hb ≥110 g/L and MCV <80 fL; anemia without iron deficiency: Hb <110 g/L and MCV ≥80 fL; and iron deficiency anemia: Hb <110 g/L and MCV <80 fL.
P is from the χ2 test for proportions and the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous measures.
Household size was defined as the number of people eating in the household.
Amount spent on food is in Tanzanian shillings per person per day. At the time of the start of the study in 2000, the mean exchange rate was 1 USD = 799 Tanzanian shillings.
Values are median (IQR).
WHO clinical stage and HIV RNA assessed only in HIV-infected patients.