TABLE 2.
Associations between television viewing, overall sitting, and mortality in 240,819 participants reporting no heart disease or cancer at baseline: NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
| Categories1 | P-trend | |||||
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| Television viewing | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 801 | 4054 | 7622 | 3278 | 1289 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.12 (1.04, 1.21) | 1.36 (1.26, 1.46) | 1.72 (1.59, 1.86) | 2.35 (2.15, 2.57) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 1.15 (1.07, 1.24) | 1.34 (1.24, 1.45) | 1.68 (1.54, 1.84) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 1.14 (1.06, 1.23) | 1.31 (1.21, 1.42) | 1.61 (1.47, 1.76) | <0.001 |
| Overall sitting | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 3310 | 5029 | 4851 | 2362 | 1492 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.98, 1.07) | 1.09 (1.04, 1.14) | 1.11 (1.05, 1.17) | 1.39 (1.30, 1.47) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) | 1.06 (1.01, 1.10) | 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) | 1.30 (1.22, 1.38) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.95, 1.03) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 1.02 (0.96, 1.07) | 1.19 (1.12, 1.27) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||
| Television viewing | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 212 | 1056 | 2084 | 928 | 404 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | 1.36 (1.18, 1.57) | 1.79 (1.54, 2.08) | 2.75 (2.33, 3.24) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) | 1.16 (1.01, 1.34) | 1.41 (1.21, 1.64) | 1.97 (1.66, 2.33) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) | 1.15 (1.00, 1.33) | 1.36 (1.17, 1.59) | 1.85 (1.56, 2.20) | <0.001 |
| Overall sitting | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 931 | 1398 | 1346 | 611 | 398 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.92, 1.09) | 1.07 (0.99, 1.17) | 1.03 (0.93, 1.14) | 1.34 (1.19, 1.51) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.91, 1.08) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.15) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.13) | 1.30 (1.16, 1.47) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.90, 1.06) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 0.95 (0.86, 1.06) | 1.16 (1.02, 1.30) | 0.139 |
| Cancer mortality | ||||||
| Television viewing | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 388 | 1954 | 3483 | 1362 | 465 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.13 (1.01, 1.26) | 1.31 (1.18, 1.45) | 1.51 (1.35, 1.69) | 1.78 (1.55, 2.03) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) | 1.09 (0.98, 1.22) | 1.15 (1.03, 1.29) | 1.24 (1.08, 1.43) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.93, 1.16) | 1.09 (0.98, 1.21) | 1.14 (1.02, 1.28) | 1.22 (1.06, 1.40) | <0.001 |
| Overall sitting | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 1474 | 2315 | 2193 | 1038 | 632 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.06 (1.00, 1.14) | 1.11 (1.04, 1.19) | 1.08 (1.00, 1.17) | 1.28 (1.17, 1.41) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.09) | 1.05 (0.98, 1.12) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.10) | 1.16 (1.06, 1.28) | 0.019 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) | 0.99 (0.92, 1.08) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.24) | 0.1218 |
| Mortality from other causes | ||||||
| Television viewing | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 201 | 1044 | 2055 | 988 | 420 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.99, 1.33) | 1.45 (1.25, 1.67) | 2.05 (1.76, 2.38) | 3.03 (2.56, 3.58) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.92, 1.24) | 1.25 (1.08, 1.45) | 1.64 (1.40, 1.91) | 2.25 (1.90, 2.68) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.92, 1.25) | 1.24 (1.07, 1.43) | 1.58 (1.36, 1.85) | 2.11 (1.77, 2.50) | <0.001 |
| Overall sitting | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 905 | 1316 | 1312 | 713 | 462 | |
| Age, sex adjusted2 | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.90, 1.07) | 1.09 (1.00, 1.18) | 1.24 (1.12, 1.37) | 1.61 (1.44, 1.80) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model A23 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.05) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.15) | 1.20 (1.09, 1.33) | 1.52 (1.36, 1.71) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable model B24 | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.87, 1.03) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.24) | 1.34 (1.20, 1.51) | <0.001 |
Television viewing categories: <1, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, ≥7 h/d; overall sitting categories: <3, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, ≥9 h/d.
Values are HRs; 95% CIs in parentheses.
In addition to age (y) and sex (male, female), model A also adjusted for race (white, black, other, missing), education (<12 y, high school graduate, some college, college graduate, missing), smoking history (never; quit, ≤20 cigarettes/d; quit, >20 cigarettes/d; current, ≤20 cigarettes/d; current, >20 cigarettes/d; unknown), and diet quality (quintiles).
In addition to covariates in model A, model B also adjusted for moderate-vigorous physical activity (never/rarely; <1, 1–3, 4–7, >7 h/wk).