Table 3.
Pooled fully adjusted odds ratios for serological markers and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma*
| Serological marker† | Seropositive case subjects, No. (%) | Seropositive control subjects, No. (%) | Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) | P‡ |
| Mucosal high-risk HPV types | ||||
| HPV16 L1 | 235 (15.1) | 333 (13.3) | 1.20 (0.97 to 1.47) | .092 |
| HPV16 E6 | 34 (2.2) | 38 (1.5) | 1.89 (1.09 to 3.29) | .023 |
| HPV16 E7 | 24 (1.5) | 49 (2.0) | 0.82 (0.46 to 1.46) | .50 |
| HPV16 E6 and/or E7 | 54 (3.5) | 85 (3.4) | 1.16 (0.78 to 1.74) | .46 |
| HPV16 E6 and E7§ | 4 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | 5.57 (0.90 to 34.35) | .064 |
| HPV31 L1 | 132 (8.5) | 237 (9.5) | 0.97 (0.75 to 1.25) | .82 |
| HPV31 E6§ | 22 (1.4) | 34 (1.4) | 1.18 (0.66 to 2.10) | .58 |
| HPV33 L1 | 136 (8.7) | 191 (7.6) | 1.30 (1.00 to 1.69) | .047 |
| HPV33 E6§ | 8 (0.5) | 5 (0.2) | 2.76 (0.86 to 8.82) | .087 |
| HPV35 L1 | 142 (9.1) | 256 (10.2) | 0.97 (0.76 to 1.23) | .80 |
| HPV35 E6§ | 18 (1.1) | 16 (0.6) | 1.49 (0.73 to 3.05) | .27 |
| HPV52 L1 | 137 (8.8) | 217 (8.7) | 1.09 (0.85 to 1.41) | .49 |
| HPV52 E6§ | 6 (0.4) | 3 (0.1) | 3.92 (0.92 to 16.74) | .065 |
| HPV58 L1 | 133 (8.5) | 196 (7.8) | 1.14 (0.88 to 1.47) | .33 |
| HPV58 E6§ | 10 (0.6) | 12 (0.5) | 1.23 (0.50 to 3.05) | .65 |
| HPV18 L1 | 546 (35.0) | 749 (29.9) | 1.28 (0.93 to 1.75) | .13 |
| HPV18 E6§ | 26 (1.7) | 32 (1.3) | 1.24 (0.70 to 2.18) | .46 |
| HPV18 E7§ | 13 (0.8) | 14 (0.6) | 1.31 (0.58 to 2.93) | .52 |
| HPV18 E6 and/or E7§ | 37 (2.4) | 45 (1.8) | 1.21 (0.75 to 1.94) | .43 |
| HPV18 E6 and E7§ | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 3.52 (0.31 to 39.48) | .31 |
| HPV45 L1 | 194 (12.4) | 335 (13.4) | 0.92 (0.74 to 1.14) | .43 |
| HPV45 E6§ | 12 (0.8) | 15 (0.6) | 1.64 (0.72 to 3.70) | .24 |
| Mucosal low-risk HPV types | ||||
| HPV6 L1 | 688 (44.1) | 919 (36.7) | 1.22 (1.05 to 1.42) | .010 |
| HPV6 E6§ | 41 (2.6) | 26 (1.0) | 2.53 (1.51 to 4.25) | <.001 |
| HPV6 E7§ | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 0.40 (0.04 to 4.09) | .44 |
| HPV11 L1 | 365 (23.4) | 462 (18.5) | 1.30 (1.09 to 1.56) | .0036 |
| HPV11 E6§ | 15 (1.0) | 11 (0.4) | 1.99 (0.89 to 4.44) | .093 |
| HPV11 E | 7 (0.4) | 17 (0.7) | 0.55 (0.22 to 1.40) | .21 |
| Cutaneous HPV types | ||||
| HPV1 L1 | 268 (17.2) | 406 (16.2) | 1.07 (0.88 to 1.30) | .48 |
| HPV4 L1 | 379 (24.3) | 612 (24.5) | 1.06 (0.89 to 1.26) | .48 |
| HPV49 L1 | 427 (27.4) | 586 (23.4) | 1.18 (1.00 to 1.40) | .055 |
| HPV77 L1 | 176 (11.3) | 281 (11.2) | 1.11 (0.88 to 1.39) | .39 |
| Other markers | ||||
| p53 | 266 (17.0) | 111 (4.4) | 8.10 (3.83 to 17.17) | <.001 |
| JCV VP1 | 1139 (73.0) | 1865 (74.5) | 0.86 (0.73 to 1.01) | .072 |
| MCV VP1 | 1261 (80.8) | 2088 (83.4) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.06) | .18 |
*
CI = confidence interval; HPV = human papillomavirus; JCV = JC virus; MCV = Merkel cell virus; OR = odds ratio.
†
Serological marker data were pooled using a linear mixed effects approach except where otherwise indicated.
‡
All P values two-sided.
§
Serological marker data were pooled using joint fixed effects approach.