Figure 4. Effects of 40 mg·kg⁻¹ wogonin treatment on neutrophil infiltration and microglial activation.

(A) Representative myeloperoxidase (MPO)- and anti-ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1)-stained brain sections from a sham-injured control, a wogonin-treated, and a vehicle-treated mouse at day 1 post-TBI. (B) Cell count analysis indicated that wogonin-treated mice had significantly fewer infiltrating neutrophils and activated microglia/macrophages than vehicle-treated mice in the cortical contusion margin at day 1 post-TBI. The total number of MPO- and Iba1-positive cells is expressed as the mean number per field of view (1.3 mm²). The scale bar is 100 µm. Values are presented as means ± SEM; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 versus vehicle-treated TBI mice (n = 7 mice/group).