Table 4.

Prediction Rules^a

History or Examination Characteristic	Risk Score Assigned
Konno et al,35 2007
History
Age, y
60–70 (reference, <60)	1
>70 (reference, <60)	2
Absence of diabetes	1
Neurogenic claudication	3
Exacerbation of symptoms when standing up	2
Symptom improvement when bending forward	3
Physical examination
Symptoms induced by having patients bend forward	−1
Symptoms induced by having patients bend backward	1
Good peripheral artery circulation	3
Abnormal Achilles tendon reflex	1
Straight leg raising positive for reproducing pain	−2
Score interpretation
Score range	−2 to 17
Positive score	≥7
Questionnaire Item
Sugioka et al,36 2008
History
Age, y
60–70 (reference, <60)	2
>70 (reference, <60)	3
Onset over 6 mo	1
Symptoms
Improve when bending forward	2
Improve when bending backward	−2
Exacerbated while standing up	2
Intermittent claudication (“If your symptom occurs while walking, does it improve by resting?”)	1
Urinary incontinence	1
Score interpretation
Score range	−2 to 10
Positive score	≥5

^aResults were reported separately based on the same study sample.