Cytokine and chemokine levels in lungs of WT and TLR9−/− after SC sensitization and challenge. WT and TLR9−/− mice were sensitized and challenged with either saline or SC, and lungs were harvested at day 2 and day 5. Cytokine levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12 (A) and chemokine levels of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), MIP-2, and IFN-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) (B) were measured by ELISA. N = 6 to 8 in each group; experiments were performed twice. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 compared with untreated controls; **P < 0.05 compared with WT mice after SC sensitization and challenge.