TABLE 3.
Caregiver status and mortality, Cox proportional hazards models with and without adjustment total physical activity; total sample and by race-gender group, Health ABCt
| Sample group | VARIABLE | Mortality rate per 1000 p-years | MODEL A: Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | MODEL B: Significant covariables* HR (95% CI) | MODEL C: Significant covariables + total physical activity HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sample |
Caregiver: No Yes |
34.0 31.0 |
1.00 0.92 (0.77–1.11) |
1.00 0.91 (0.75–1.10) |
1.00 1.15 (0.94–1.40) |
| Caregiving intensity: | |||||
| Non-caregiver | 34.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Low (1–7 hrs/wk) | 37.1 | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | 1.10 (0.83–1.47) | 1.20 (0.90–1.60) | |
| Medium (8–22 hours/wk) | 35.2 | 1.05 (0.78–1.43) | 0.98 (0.72–1.32) | 1.17 (0.86–1.60) | |
| High (24–168 hours/wk) | 22.7 | 0.70 (0.49–0.99) | 0.68 (0.48–0.97) | 1.12 (0.75–1.67) | |
| White Males |
Caregiver: No Yes |
32.2 43.3 |
1.00 1.39 (1.01–1.93) |
1.00 1.32 (0.96–1.84) |
1.00 1.58 (1.11–2.24) |
| Caregiving intensity: | |||||
| Non-caregiver | 32.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Low (1–7 hrs/wk) | 46.5 | 1.48 (0.91–2.42) | 1.43 (0.88–2.33) | 1.54 (0.94–2.52) | |
| Medium (8–22 hours/wk) | 52.9 | 1.61 (0.98–2.62) | 1.49 (0.91–2.44) | 1.72 (1.04–2.86) | |
| High (24–168 hours/wk) | 33.2 | 1.19 (0.64–2.19) | 1.12 (0.60–2.07) | 1.61 (0.81–3.21) | |
| White Females |
Caregiver: No Yes |
20.9 23.7 |
1.00 1.15 (0.76–1.73) |
1.00 1.19 (0.79–1.80) |
1.00 1.61 (1.04–2.51) |
| Caregiving intensity: | |||||
| Non-caregiver | 20.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Low (1–7 hrs/wk) | 24.6 | 1.18 (0.64–2.15) | 1.21 (0.66–2.22) | 1.36 (0.74 – 2.49) | |
| Medium (8–22 hours/wk) | 30.4 | 1.60 (0.83–3.09) | 1.60 (0.83–3.10) | 2.17 (1.10– 4.72) | |
| High (24–168 hours/wk) | 16.6 | 0.81 (0.35–1.84) | 0.86 (0.33–1.96) | 1.90 (0.75 – 4.86) | |
| Black Males |
Caregiver: No Yes |
57.4 48.2 |
1.00 0.83 (0.58–1.20) |
1.00 0.81 (0.56–1.17) |
1.00 0.92 (0.62 – 1.36) |
| Caregiving intensity: | |||||
| Non-caregiver | 57.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Low (1–7 hrs/wk) | 63.8 | 1.13 (0.65–1.95) | 1.11 (0.64–1.92) | 1.13 (0.65 – 1.96) | |
| Medium (8–22 hours/wk) | 49.6 | 0.84 (0.44–1.59) | 0.77 (0.41–1.46) | 0.81 (0.42 – 1.55) | |
| High (24–168 hours/wk) | 32.6 | 0.56 (0.27–1.14) | 0.55 (0.27–1.11) | 0.67 (0.30 – 1.48) | |
| Black Females |
Caregiver: No Yes |
35.8 19.1 |
1.00 0.54 (0.35–0.81) |
1.00 0.54 (0.36–0.83) |
1.00 0.87(0.54 – 1.40) |
| Caregiving intensity: | |||||
| Non-caregiver | 35.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Low (1–7 hrs/wk) | 26.9 | 0.72 (0.37–1.42) | 0.82 (0.42–1.63) | 0.99 (0.50 – 1.97) | |
| Medium (8–22 hours/wk) | 17.1 | 0.48 (0.22–1.02) | 0.47 (0.22–1.00) | 0.73 (0.33 – 1.61) | |
| High (24–168 hours/wk) | 15.4 | 0.44 (0.22–0.91) | 0.44 (0.22–0.90) | 1.23 (0.51 – 2.94) |
t
All models adjusted for Health ABC site
*
Covariables that were included after backward elimination in Models B and C included: Total sample: age, race, gender, prevalent diseases, BMI, education (in Model B but not Model C) White males: age, prevalent diseases, BMI (in Model C but not Model B White females: age, prevalent diseases Black males: education, prevalent diseases, BMI (in Model C but not Model B) Black females: prevalent diseases