Table 1. Induced abortions in 20 sub-Saharan African countries and exposure to the Mexico City Policy, 1994–2008.
| Country | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | Year of DHS | Exposure to Mexico City Policya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benin | 2006 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 473 | 6 224 | 9 213 | 10 393 | 11 401 | 11 447 | 11 320 | NA | NA | ||
| Burkina Faso | 2003 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | 1 922 | 4 421 | 6 495 | 7 246 | 7 840 | 7 840 | 7 709 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Ethiopia | 2005 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 6 | 9 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 11 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 200 | 10 879 | 11 302 | 11 929 | 12 355 | 12 716 | 12 901 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Ghana | 2003, 2008 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 21 | 23 | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | 738 | 1 668 | 2 411 | 2 776 | 3 086 | 3 110 | 6 942 | 4 012 | 4 161 | 4 287 | 4 383 | 4 446 | ||
| Guinea | 2005 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 179 | 3 164 | 3 929 | 4 426 | 4 800 | 4 799 | 4 745 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Kenya | 1998, 2003, 2008 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 7 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 10 | 15 | 16 | 19 | 25 | 16 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 26 | 43 | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 6 433 | 6 701 | 6 930 | 7 193 | 13 755 | 6 790 | 7 058 | 7 321 | 7 525 | 14 169 | 6 827 | 7 066 | 7 279 | 7 536 | 7 695 | ||
| Madagascar | 2003–2004, 2008 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 21 | 22 | 32 | 46 | 53 | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 487 | 3 103 | 3 641 | 4 146 | 4 318 | 17 470 | 16 489 | 14 192 | 14 739 | 15 304 | 15 756 | ||
| Malawi | 2000, 2005 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 21 | 14 | 14 | 17 | 24 | 59 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 1 640 | 4 262 | 6 453 | 7 529 | 8 448 | 17 769 | 18 118 | 10 001 | 10 293 | 10 586 | 10 848 | 2 639 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Mali | 2001, 2006 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 1 229 | 3 075 | 6 125 | 7 443 | 8 290 | 9 181 | 10 967 | 14 207 | 7 740 | 8 716 | 9 496 | 9 567 | 9 528 | NA | NA | ||
| Mozambique | 2003–2004 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | 1 442 | 3 828 | 5 870 | 6 786 | 7 613 | 7 767 | 7 750 | 73 | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Niger | 2006 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 939 | 4 279 | 5 215 | 5 807 | 6 137 | 6 098 | 6 050 | NA | NA | ||
| Nigeria | 2008 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9 | 21 | 31 | 50 | 48 | 35 | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 26 808 | 27 317 | 28 276 | 29 052 | 29 850 | 30 347 | ||
| Rwanda | 2000, 2005 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 12 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 1 282 | 3 143 | 4 454 | 4 905 | 6 126 | 7 043 | 9 124 | 4 859 | 5 342 | 5 635 | 5 572 | 5 477 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Senegal | 2005 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 510 | 5 047 | 6 395 | 7 222 | 7 775 | 7 767 | 7 685 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Sierra Leone | 2008 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 5 | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 6 174 | 6 335 | 6 585 | 6 705 | 6 828 | 6 819 | ||
| Swaziland | 2006–2007 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 14 | 0 | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 720 | 3 918 | 4 086 | 4 260 | 4 416 | 4 566 | 1 074 | NA | ||
| Uganda | 2000–2001, 2006 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 14 | 30 | 36 | 29 | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 652 | 2 165 | 3 546 | 4 110 | 4 528 | 4 652 | 4 628 | 8 997 | 6 839 | 7 125 | 7 342 | 7 624 | 7 886 | NA | NA | ||
| United Republic of Tanzania | 2004–5 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 8 | 19 | 13 | 27 | 43 | 74 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 7 978 | 8 253 | 8 608 | 8 889 | 9 255 | 9 450 | 2 959 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Zambia | 2007 | High | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 | 9 | 9 | 18 | 21 | 14 | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 5 603 | 5 817 | 6 035 | 6 222 | 6 482 | 6 624 | NA | ||
| Zimbabwe | 1994,b 1999, 2005–2006 | Low | |||||||||||||||
| Abortions, no. | 15 | 14 | 11 | 21 | 20 | 31 | 10 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 34 | 23 | 6 | NA | NA | ||
| Observation period, woman–years | 10 119 | 4 657 | 4 878 | 5 098 | 5 340 | 5 476 | 6 778 | 7 094 | 7 433 | 768 | 8 011 | 8 226 | 1 906 | NA | NA |
DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; NA, not available.
a Exposure to the Mexico City Policy was classified as high or low according to whether the level of per capita financial assistance provided to the country for family planning and reproductive health by the United States was above or below the median for the period 1995 to 2000. Data on financial assistance were obtained from the Creditor Reporting System of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
b Only data for 1994 from this survey were used in the primary analysis.