Table 4.
Characteristics of patients with or without metabolic syndrome (modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria)
| With MS [N= 34 (26.1%)] |
Without MS [N= 96 (73.9%)] |
p values | |
| Variables | N (% ) | N (%) | |
| Gender | |||
| Men | 21 (24.7) | 64 (75.3) | 0.60 |
| Women | 13 (28.9) | 32 (71.1) | |
| Cigarette smoking | |||
| Yes | 16 (23.5) | 52 (76.5) | 0.47 |
| No | 18 (29.1) | 44 (70.9) | |
| Alcoholic consumption | |||
| Yes | 6 (35.3) | 11 (64.7) | 0.35 |
| No | 28 (24.8) | 85 (75.2) | |
| Illness episode | |||
| Depressive (D) | 4 (19) | 17 (81) | 0.65a |
| Euthymic (E) | 19 (26) | 54 (74) | |
| Manic (M) | 11 (30.5) | 25 (69.5) | |
| Treatment | |||
| Antipsychotics | 10 (26.3) | 28 (73.7) | 0.95a |
| Mood stabilizers | 24 (26.1) | 68 (74.9) | |
| Lithium | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | |
| Valproic acid | 17 (26.6) | 47 (73.4) | |
| Carbamazepine | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | |
| Lithium/valproic acid | 1 (16.7) | 5 (83.3) | |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | P | |
| Age (years) | 40.4 ± 8.8 | 37.0 ± 12.7 | 0.11 |
| HOMA-IR | 6.0 ± 4.3* | 2.4 ± 1.7** | < 0.001 |
| Uric acid (µmol/L) | 335 ± 117 | 272 ± 92 | < 0.001 |
*
n = 23 (11 diabetic patients were excluded)
**
n = 86 (10 diabetic patients were excluded
a
Statistical analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test.